zulip/docs/git/reviewing.md

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# Review changes
## Changes on (local) working tree
Display changes between index and working tree (what is not yet staged for commit):
```
$ git diff
```
Display changes between index and last commit (what you have staged for commit):
```
$ git diff --cached
```
Display changes in working tree since last commit (changes that are staged as
well as ones that are not):
```
$ git diff HEAD
```
## Changes within branches
Use any git-ref to compare changes between two commits on the current branch.
Display changes between commit before last and last commit:
```
$ git diff HEAD^ HEAD
```
Display changes between two commits using their hashes:
```
$ git diff e2f404c 7977169
```
## Changes between branches
Display changes between tip of topic branch and tip of master branch:
```
$ git diff topic master
```
Display changes that have occurred on master branch since topic branch was created:
```
$ git diff topic...master
```
Display changes you've committed so far since creating a branch from upstream/master:
```
$ git diff upstream/master...HEAD
```