zulip/zerver/actions/presence.py

296 lines
13 KiB
Python

import logging
import time
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
from django.conf import settings
from django.db import connection, transaction
from psycopg2 import sql
from zerver.actions.user_activity import update_user_activity_interval
from zerver.lib.presence import (
format_legacy_presence_dict,
user_presence_datetime_with_date_joined_default,
)
from zerver.lib.users import get_user_ids_who_can_access_user
from zerver.models import Client, UserPresence, UserProfile
from zerver.models.clients import get_client
from zerver.models.users import active_user_ids
from zerver.tornado.django_api import send_event
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
def send_presence_changed(
user_profile: UserProfile, presence: UserPresence, *, force_send_update: bool = False
) -> None:
# Most presence data is sent to clients in the main presence
# endpoint in response to the user's own presence; this results
# data that is 1-2 minutes stale for who is online. The flaw with
# this plan is when a user comes back online and then immediately
# sends a message, recipients may still see that user as offline!
# We solve that by sending an immediate presence update clients.
#
# See https://zulip.readthedocs.io/en/latest/subsystems/presence.html for
# internals documentation on presence.
if settings.CAN_ACCESS_ALL_USERS_GROUP_LIMITS_PRESENCE:
user_ids = get_user_ids_who_can_access_user(user_profile)
else:
user_ids = active_user_ids(user_profile.realm_id)
if (
len(user_ids) > settings.USER_LIMIT_FOR_SENDING_PRESENCE_UPDATE_EVENTS
and not force_send_update
):
# These immediate presence generate quadratic work for Tornado
# (linear number of users in each event and the frequency of
# users coming online grows linearly with userbase too). In
# organizations with thousands of users, this can overload
# Tornado, especially if much of the realm comes online at the
# same time.
#
# The utility of these live-presence updates goes down as
# organizations get bigger (since one is much less likely to
# be paying attention to the sidebar); so beyond a limit, we
# stop sending them at all.
return
last_active_time = user_presence_datetime_with_date_joined_default(
presence.last_active_time, user_profile.date_joined
)
last_connected_time = user_presence_datetime_with_date_joined_default(
presence.last_connected_time, user_profile.date_joined
)
# The mobile app handles these events so we need to use the old format.
# The format of the event should also account for the slim_presence
# API parameter when this becomes possible in the future.
presence_dict = format_legacy_presence_dict(last_active_time, last_connected_time)
event = dict(
type="presence",
email=user_profile.email,
user_id=user_profile.id,
server_timestamp=time.time(),
presence={presence_dict["client"]: presence_dict},
)
send_event(user_profile.realm, event, user_ids)
def consolidate_client(client: Client) -> Client:
# The web app reports a client as 'website'
# The desktop app reports a client as ZulipDesktop
# due to it setting a custom user agent. We want both
# to count as web users
# Alias ZulipDesktop to website
if client.name in ["ZulipDesktop"]:
return get_client("website")
else:
return client
# This function takes a very hot lock on the PresenceSequence row for the user's realm.
# Since all presence updates in the realm all compete for this lock, we need to be
# maximally efficient and only hold it as briefly as possible.
# For that reason, we need durable=True to ensure we're not running inside a larger
# transaction, which may stay alive longer than we'd like, holding the lock.
@transaction.atomic(durable=True)
def do_update_user_presence(
user_profile: UserProfile,
client: Client,
log_time: datetime,
status: int,
*,
force_send_update: bool = False,
) -> None:
# This function requires some careful handling around setting the
# last_update_id field when updatng UserPresence objects. See the
# PresenceSequence model and the comments throughout the code for more details.
client = consolidate_client(client)
# If the user doesn't have a UserPresence row yet, we create one with
# sensible defaults. If we're getting a presence update, clearly the user
# at least connected, so last_connected_time should be set. last_active_time
# will depend on whether the status sent is idle or active.
defaults = dict(
last_active_time=None,
last_connected_time=log_time,
realm_id=user_profile.realm_id,
)
if status == UserPresence.LEGACY_STATUS_ACTIVE_INT:
defaults["last_active_time"] = log_time
try:
presence = UserPresence.objects.select_for_update().get(user_profile=user_profile)
creating = False
except UserPresence.DoesNotExist:
# We're not ready to write until we know the next last_update_id value.
# We don't want to hold the lock on PresenceSequence for too long,
# so we defer that until the last moment.
# Create the presence object in-memory only for now.
presence = UserPresence(**defaults, user_profile=user_profile)
creating = True
# We initialize these values as a large delta so that if the user
# was never active, we always treat the user as newly online.
time_since_last_active_for_comparison = timedelta(days=1)
time_since_last_connected_for_comparison = timedelta(days=1)
if presence.last_active_time is not None:
time_since_last_active_for_comparison = log_time - presence.last_active_time
if presence.last_connected_time is not None:
time_since_last_connected_for_comparison = log_time - presence.last_connected_time
assert (3 * settings.PRESENCE_PING_INTERVAL_SECS + 20) <= settings.OFFLINE_THRESHOLD_SECS
now_online = time_since_last_active_for_comparison > timedelta(
# Here, we decide whether the user is newly online, and we need to consider
# sending an immediate presence update via the events system that this user is now online,
# rather than waiting for other clients to poll the presence update.
# Sending these presence update events adds load to the system, so we only want to do this
# if the user has missed a couple regular presence check-ins
# (so their state is at least 2 * PRESENCE_PING_INTERVAL_SECS + 10 old),
# and also is under the risk of being shown by clients as offline before the next regular presence check-in
# (so at least `settings.OFFLINE_THRESHOLD_SECS - settings.PRESENCE_PING_INTERVAL_SECS - 10`).
# These two values happen to be the same in the default configuration.
seconds=settings.OFFLINE_THRESHOLD_SECS - settings.PRESENCE_PING_INTERVAL_SECS - 10
)
became_online = status == UserPresence.LEGACY_STATUS_ACTIVE_INT and now_online
update_fields = []
# This check is to prevent updating `last_connected_time` several
# times per minute with multiple connected browser windows.
# We also need to be careful not to wrongly "update" the timestamp if we actually already
# have newer presence than the reported log_time.
if not creating and time_since_last_connected_for_comparison > timedelta(
seconds=settings.PRESENCE_UPDATE_MIN_FREQ_SECONDS
):
presence.last_connected_time = log_time
update_fields.append("last_connected_time")
if (
not creating
and status == UserPresence.LEGACY_STATUS_ACTIVE_INT
and time_since_last_active_for_comparison
> timedelta(seconds=settings.PRESENCE_UPDATE_MIN_FREQ_SECONDS)
):
presence.last_active_time = log_time
update_fields.append("last_active_time")
if presence.last_connected_time is None or log_time > presence.last_connected_time:
# Update last_connected_time as well to ensure
# last_connected_time >= last_active_time.
presence.last_connected_time = log_time
update_fields.append("last_connected_time")
# WARNING: Delicate, performance-sensitive block.
# It's time to determine last_update_id and update the presence object in the database.
# This briefly takes the crucial lock on the PresenceSequence row for the user's realm.
# We're doing this in a single SQL query to avoid any unnecessary overhead, in particular
# database round-trips.
# We're also intentionally doing this at the very end of the function, at the last step
# before the transaction commits. This ensures the lock is held for the shortest
# time possible.
# Note: The lock isn't acquired explicitly via something like SELECT FOR UPDATE,
# but rather we rely on the UPDATE statement taking an implicit row lock.
# Equivalent Python code:
# if creating or len(update_fields) > 0:
# presence_sequence = PresenceSequence.objects.select_for_update().get(realm_id=user_profile.realm_id)
# new_last_update_id = presence_sequence.last_update_id + 1
# presence_sequence.last_update_id = new_last_update_id
# if creating:
# presence.last_update_id = new_last_update_id
# presence.save()
# elif len(update_fields) > 0:
# presence.last_update_id = new_last_update_id
# presence.save(update_fields=[*update_fields, "last_update_id"])
# presence_sequence.save(update_fields=["last_update_id"])
# But let's do it in a single, direct SQL query instead.
if creating or len(update_fields) > 0:
query = sql.SQL("""
WITH new_last_update_id AS (
UPDATE zerver_presencesequence
SET last_update_id = last_update_id + 1
WHERE realm_id = {realm_id}
RETURNING last_update_id
)
""").format(realm_id=sql.Literal(user_profile.realm_id))
if creating:
# There's a small possibility of a race where a different process may have
# already created a row for this user. Given the extremely close timing
# of these events, there's no clear reason to prefer one over the other,
# so we choose the simplest option of DO NOTHING here and let the other
# concurrent transaction win.
# This also allows us to avoid sending a spurious presence update event,
# by checking if the row was actually created.
query += sql.SQL("""
INSERT INTO zerver_userpresence (user_profile_id, last_active_time, last_connected_time, realm_id, last_update_id)
VALUES ({user_profile_id}, {last_active_time}, {last_connected_time}, {realm_id}, (SELECT last_update_id FROM new_last_update_id))
ON CONFLICT (user_profile_id) DO NOTHING
""").format(
user_profile_id=sql.Literal(user_profile.id),
last_active_time=sql.Literal(presence.last_active_time),
last_connected_time=sql.Literal(presence.last_connected_time),
realm_id=sql.Literal(user_profile.realm_id),
)
else:
assert len(update_fields) > 0
update_fields_segment = sql.SQL(", ").join(
sql.SQL("{field} = {value} ").format(
field=sql.Identifier(field), value=sql.Literal(getattr(presence, field))
)
for field in update_fields
)
query += sql.SQL("""
UPDATE zerver_userpresence
SET {update_fields_segment}, last_update_id = (SELECT last_update_id FROM new_last_update_id)
WHERE id = {presence_id}
""").format(
update_fields_segment=update_fields_segment, presence_id=sql.Literal(presence.id)
)
with connection.cursor() as cursor:
cursor.execute(query)
if creating:
# Check if the row was actually created or if we
# hit the ON CONFLICT DO NOTHING case.
actually_created = cursor.rowcount > 0
if creating and not actually_created:
# If we ended up doing nothing due to something else creating the row
# in the meantime, then we shouldn't send an event here.
logger.info("UserPresence row already created for %s, returning.", user_profile.id)
return
if force_send_update or (
not user_profile.realm.presence_disabled and (creating or became_online)
):
# We do the transaction.on_commit here, rather than inside
# send_presence_changed, to help keep presence transactions
# brief; the active_user_ids call there is more expensive than
# this whole function.
transaction.on_commit(
lambda: send_presence_changed(
user_profile, presence, force_send_update=force_send_update
)
)
def update_user_presence(
user_profile: UserProfile,
client: Client,
log_time: datetime,
status: int,
new_user_input: bool,
) -> None:
logger.debug(
"Processing presence update for user %s, client %s, status %s",
user_profile.id,
client,
status,
)
do_update_user_presence(user_profile, client, log_time, status)
if new_user_input:
update_user_activity_interval(user_profile, log_time)