# See https://zulip.readthedocs.io/en/latest/subsystems/events-system.html for
# high-level documentation on how this system works.
import copy
import sys
import time
from io import StringIO
from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, List, Optional, Set, Tuple
from unittest import mock

import ujson
from django.utils.timezone import now as timezone_now

from zerver.lib.actions import (
    bulk_add_members_to_user_group,
    bulk_add_subscriptions,
    bulk_remove_subscriptions,
    check_add_realm_emoji,
    check_add_user_group,
    check_delete_user_group,
    check_send_typing_notification,
    do_add_alert_words,
    do_add_default_stream,
    do_add_reaction,
    do_add_realm_domain,
    do_add_realm_filter,
    do_add_streams_to_default_stream_group,
    do_add_submessage,
    do_change_avatar_fields,
    do_change_bot_owner,
    do_change_default_all_public_streams,
    do_change_default_events_register_stream,
    do_change_default_sending_stream,
    do_change_default_stream_group_description,
    do_change_default_stream_group_name,
    do_change_full_name,
    do_change_icon_source,
    do_change_logo_source,
    do_change_notification_settings,
    do_change_plan_type,
    do_change_realm_domain,
    do_change_stream_description,
    do_change_stream_invite_only,
    do_change_stream_message_retention_days,
    do_change_stream_post_policy,
    do_change_subscription_property,
    do_change_user_delivery_email,
    do_change_user_role,
    do_create_default_stream_group,
    do_create_multiuse_invite_link,
    do_create_user,
    do_deactivate_stream,
    do_deactivate_user,
    do_delete_messages,
    do_invite_users,
    do_mark_hotspot_as_read,
    do_mute_topic,
    do_reactivate_user,
    do_regenerate_api_key,
    do_remove_alert_words,
    do_remove_default_stream,
    do_remove_default_stream_group,
    do_remove_reaction,
    do_remove_realm_domain,
    do_remove_realm_emoji,
    do_remove_realm_filter,
    do_remove_streams_from_default_stream_group,
    do_rename_stream,
    do_revoke_multi_use_invite,
    do_revoke_user_invite,
    do_set_realm_authentication_methods,
    do_set_realm_message_editing,
    do_set_realm_notifications_stream,
    do_set_realm_property,
    do_set_realm_signup_notifications_stream,
    do_set_user_display_setting,
    do_set_zoom_token,
    do_unmute_topic,
    do_update_embedded_data,
    do_update_message,
    do_update_message_flags,
    do_update_outgoing_webhook_service,
    do_update_user_custom_profile_data_if_changed,
    do_update_user_group_description,
    do_update_user_group_name,
    do_update_user_presence,
    do_update_user_status,
    lookup_default_stream_groups,
    notify_realm_custom_profile_fields,
    remove_members_from_user_group,
    try_update_realm_custom_profile_field,
)
from zerver.lib.events import apply_events, fetch_initial_state_data, post_process_state
from zerver.lib.markdown import MentionData
from zerver.lib.message import render_markdown
from zerver.lib.test_classes import ZulipTestCase
from zerver.lib.test_helpers import (
    create_dummy_file,
    get_subscription,
    get_test_image_file,
    reset_emails_in_zulip_realm,
    stdout_suppressed,
)
from zerver.lib.topic import ORIG_TOPIC, TOPIC_LINKS, TOPIC_NAME
from zerver.lib.validator import (
    Validator,
    check_bool,
    check_dict,
    check_dict_only,
    check_float,
    check_int,
    check_int_in,
    check_list,
    check_none_or,
    check_string,
    check_tuple,
    check_url,
    equals,
)
from zerver.models import (
    Attachment,
    Message,
    MultiuseInvite,
    PreregistrationUser,
    Realm,
    RealmAuditLog,
    RealmDomain,
    Service,
    Stream,
    UserGroup,
    UserMessage,
    UserPresence,
    UserProfile,
    get_client,
    get_stream,
    get_user_by_delivery_email,
)
from zerver.tornado.event_queue import (
    allocate_client_descriptor,
    clear_client_event_queues_for_testing,
)


def check_events_dict(required_keys: List[Tuple[str, Validator[object]]]) -> Validator[Dict[str, object]]:
    required_keys.append(('id', check_int))
    keys = [key[0] for key in required_keys]
    assert len(keys) == len(set(keys))
    return check_dict_only(required_keys)

# These fields are used for "stream" events, and are included in the
# larger "subscription" events that also contain personal settings.
basic_stream_fields = [
    ('description', check_string),
    ('first_message_id', check_none_or(check_int)),
    ('history_public_to_subscribers', check_bool),
    ('invite_only', check_bool),
    ('is_announcement_only', check_bool),
    ('is_web_public', check_bool),
    ('message_retention_days', equals(None)),
    ('name', check_string),
    ('rendered_description', check_string),
    ('stream_id', check_int),
    ('stream_post_policy', check_int),
]

class BaseAction(ZulipTestCase):
    def setUp(self) -> None:
        super().setUp()
        self.user_profile = self.example_user('hamlet')

    def verify_action(self,
                      action: Callable[[], object],
                      event_types: Optional[List[str]]=None,
                      include_subscribers: bool=True,
                      state_change_expected: bool=True,
                      notification_settings_null: bool=False,
                      client_gravatar: bool=True,
                      user_avatar_url_field_optional: bool=False,
                      slim_presence: bool=False,
                      num_events: int=1,
                      bulk_message_deletion: bool=True) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
        '''
        Make sure we have a clean slate of client descriptors for these tests.
        If we don't do this, then certain failures will only manifest when you
        run multiple tests within a single test function.

        See also https://zulip.readthedocs.io/en/latest/subsystems/events-system.html#testing
        for details on the design of this test system.
        '''
        clear_client_event_queues_for_testing()

        client = allocate_client_descriptor(
            dict(user_profile_id = self.user_profile.id,
                 realm_id = self.user_profile.realm_id,
                 event_types = event_types,
                 client_type_name = "website",
                 apply_markdown = True,
                 client_gravatar = client_gravatar,
                 slim_presence = slim_presence,
                 all_public_streams = False,
                 queue_timeout = 600,
                 last_connection_time = time.time(),
                 narrow = [],
                 bulk_message_deletion = bulk_message_deletion)
        )

        # hybrid_state = initial fetch state + re-applying events triggered by our action
        # normal_state = do action then fetch at the end (the "normal" code path)
        hybrid_state = fetch_initial_state_data(
            self.user_profile, event_types, "",
            client_gravatar=client_gravatar,
            user_avatar_url_field_optional=user_avatar_url_field_optional,
            slim_presence=slim_presence,
            include_subscribers=include_subscribers,
        )
        action()
        events = client.event_queue.contents()
        self.assertEqual(len(events), num_events)

        initial_state = copy.deepcopy(hybrid_state)
        post_process_state(self.user_profile, initial_state, notification_settings_null)
        before = ujson.dumps(initial_state)
        apply_events(hybrid_state, events, self.user_profile,
                     client_gravatar=client_gravatar,
                     slim_presence=slim_presence,
                     include_subscribers=include_subscribers)
        post_process_state(self.user_profile, hybrid_state, notification_settings_null)
        after = ujson.dumps(hybrid_state)

        if state_change_expected:
            if before == after:  # nocoverage
                print(ujson.dumps(initial_state, indent=2))
                print(events)
                raise AssertionError('Test does not exercise enough code -- events do not change state.')
        else:
            try:
                self.match_states(initial_state, copy.deepcopy(hybrid_state), events)
            except AssertionError:  # nocoverage
                raise AssertionError('Test is invalid--state actually does change here.')

        normal_state = fetch_initial_state_data(
            self.user_profile, event_types, "",
            client_gravatar=client_gravatar,
            user_avatar_url_field_optional=user_avatar_url_field_optional,
            slim_presence=slim_presence,
            include_subscribers=include_subscribers,
        )
        post_process_state(self.user_profile, normal_state, notification_settings_null)
        self.match_states(hybrid_state, normal_state, events)
        return events

    def match_states(self, state1: Dict[str, Any], state2: Dict[str, Any],
                     events: List[Dict[str, Any]]) -> None:
        def normalize(state: Dict[str, Any]) -> None:
            for u in state['never_subscribed']:
                if 'subscribers' in u:
                    u['subscribers'].sort()
            for u in state['subscriptions']:
                if 'subscribers' in u:
                    u['subscribers'].sort()
            state['subscriptions'] = {u['name']: u for u in state['subscriptions']}
            state['unsubscribed'] = {u['name']: u for u in state['unsubscribed']}
            if 'realm_bots' in state:
                state['realm_bots'] = {u['email']: u for u in state['realm_bots']}
        normalize(state1)
        normalize(state2)

        # If this assertions fails, we have unusual problems.
        self.assertEqual(state1.keys(), state2.keys())

        # The far more likely scenario is that some section of
        # our enormous payload does not get updated properly.  We
        # want the diff here to be developer-friendly, hence
        # the somewhat tedious code to provide useful output.
        if state1 != state2:  # nocoverage
            print('\n---States DO NOT MATCH---')
            print('\nEVENTS:\n')

            # Printing out the events is a big help to
            # developers.
            import json
            for event in events:
                print(json.dumps(event, indent=4))

            print('\nMISMATCHES:\n')
            for k in state1:
                if state1[k] != state2[k]:
                    print('\nkey = ' + k)
                    try:
                        self.assertEqual({k: state1[k]}, {k: state2[k]})
                    except AssertionError as e:
                        print(e)
            print('''
                NOTE:

                    This is an advanced test that verifies how
                    we apply events after fetching data.  If you
                    do not know how to debug it, you can ask for
                    help on chat.
                ''')

            sys.stdout.flush()
            raise AssertionError('Mismatching states')

class NormalActionsTest(BaseAction):
    def create_bot(self, email: str, **extras: Any) -> UserProfile:
        return self.create_test_bot(email, self.user_profile, **extras)

    def realm_bot_schema(self, field_name: str, check: Validator[object]) -> Validator[Dict[str, object]]:
        return check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('realm_bot')),
            ('op', equals('update')),
            ('bot', check_dict_only([
                ('user_id', check_int),
                (field_name, check),
            ])),
        ])

    def test_mentioned_send_message_events(self) -> None:
        user = self.example_user('hamlet')

        for i in range(3):
            content = 'mentioning... @**' + user.full_name + '** hello ' + str(i)
            self.verify_action(
                lambda: self.send_stream_message(self.example_user('cordelia'),
                                                 "Verona",
                                                 content),

            )

    def test_wildcard_mentioned_send_message_events(self) -> None:
        for i in range(3):
            content = 'mentioning... @**all** hello ' + str(i)
            self.verify_action(
                lambda: self.send_stream_message(self.example_user('cordelia'),
                                                 "Verona",
                                                 content),

            )

    def test_pm_send_message_events(self) -> None:
        self.verify_action(
            lambda: self.send_personal_message(self.example_user('cordelia'),
                                               self.example_user('hamlet'),
                                               'hola'),

        )

    def test_huddle_send_message_events(self) -> None:
        huddle = [
            self.example_user('hamlet'),
            self.example_user('othello'),
        ]
        self.verify_action(
            lambda: self.send_huddle_message(self.example_user('cordelia'),
                                             huddle,
                                             'hola'),

        )

    def test_stream_send_message_events(self) -> None:
        def get_checker(check_gravatar: Validator[Optional[str]]) -> Validator[Dict[str, object]]:
            schema_checker = check_events_dict([
                ('type', equals('message')),
                ('flags', check_list(check_string)),
                ('message', check_dict_only([
                    ('avatar_url', check_gravatar),
                    ('client', check_string),
                    ('content', check_string),
                    ('content_type', equals('text/html')),
                    ('display_recipient', check_string),
                    ('id', check_int),
                    ('is_me_message', check_bool),
                    ('reactions', check_list(check_dict([]))),
                    ('recipient_id', check_int),
                    ('sender_realm_str', check_string),
                    ('sender_email', check_string),
                    ('sender_full_name', check_string),
                    ('sender_id', check_int),
                    ('stream_id', check_int),
                    (TOPIC_NAME, check_string),
                    (TOPIC_LINKS, check_list(check_string)),
                    ('submessages', check_list(check_dict([]))),
                    ('timestamp', check_int),
                    ('type', check_string),
                ])),
            ])
            return schema_checker

        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: self.send_stream_message(self.example_user("hamlet"), "Verona", "hello"),
            client_gravatar=False,
        )
        schema_checker = get_checker(check_gravatar=check_string)
        schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: self.send_stream_message(self.example_user("hamlet"), "Verona", "hello"),
            client_gravatar=True,
        )
        schema_checker = get_checker(check_gravatar=equals(None))
        schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

        # Verify message editing
        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('update_message')),
            ('flags', check_list(check_string)),
            ('content', check_string),
            ('edit_timestamp', check_int),
            ('message_id', check_int),
            ('message_ids', check_list(check_int)),
            ('prior_mention_user_ids', check_list(check_int)),
            ('mention_user_ids', check_list(check_int)),
            ('wildcard_mention_user_ids', check_list(check_int)),
            ('presence_idle_user_ids', check_list(check_int)),
            ('stream_push_user_ids', check_list(check_int)),
            ('stream_email_user_ids', check_list(check_int)),
            ('push_notify_user_ids', check_list(check_int)),
            ('orig_content', check_string),
            ('orig_rendered_content', check_string),
            (ORIG_TOPIC, check_string),
            ('prev_rendered_content_version', check_int),
            ('propagate_mode', check_string),
            ('rendered_content', check_string),
            ('stream_id', check_int),
            ('stream_name', check_string),
            (TOPIC_NAME, check_string),
            (TOPIC_LINKS, check_list(check_string)),
            ('user_id', check_int),
            ('is_me_message', check_bool),
        ])

        message = Message.objects.order_by('-id')[0]
        topic = 'new_topic'
        propagate_mode = 'change_all'
        content = 'new content'
        rendered_content = render_markdown(message, content)
        prior_mention_user_ids: Set[int] = set()
        mentioned_user_ids: Set[int] = set()
        mention_data = MentionData(
            realm_id=self.user_profile.realm_id,
            content=content,
        )

        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_update_message(
                self.user_profile,
                message,
                None,
                topic,
                propagate_mode,
                False,
                False,
                content,
                rendered_content,
                prior_mention_user_ids,
                mentioned_user_ids,
                mention_data),
            state_change_expected=True,
        )
        schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

        # Verify do_update_embedded_data
        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('update_message')),
            ('flags', check_list(check_string)),
            ('content', check_string),
            ('message_id', check_int),
            ('message_ids', check_list(check_int)),
            ('rendered_content', check_string),
            ('sender', check_string),
        ])

        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_update_embedded_data(self.user_profile, message,
                                            "embed_content", "<p>embed_content</p>"),
            state_change_expected=False,
        )
        schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

        # Verify move topic to different stream.
        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('update_message')),
            ('flags', check_list(check_string)),
            ('edit_timestamp', check_int),
            ('message_id', check_int),
            ('message_ids', check_list(check_int)),
            (ORIG_TOPIC, check_string),
            ('propagate_mode', check_string),
            ('stream_id', check_int),
            ('new_stream_id', check_int),
            ('stream_name', check_string),
            (TOPIC_NAME, check_string),
            (TOPIC_LINKS, check_list(check_string)),
            ('user_id', check_int),
        ])

        # Send 2 messages in "test" topic.
        self.send_stream_message(self.user_profile, "Verona")
        message_id = self.send_stream_message(self.user_profile, "Verona")
        message = Message.objects.get(id=message_id)
        topic = 'new_topic'
        stream = get_stream("Denmark", self.user_profile.realm)
        propagate_mode = 'change_all'
        prior_mention_user_ids = set()

        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_update_message(
                self.user_profile,
                message,
                stream,
                topic,
                propagate_mode,
                True,
                True,
                None,
                None,
                set(),
                set(),
                None),
            state_change_expected=True,
            # There are 3 events generated for this action
            # * update_message: For updating existing messages
            # * 2 new message events: Breadcrumb messages in the new and old topics.
            num_events=3,
        )
        schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_update_message_flags(self) -> None:
        # Test message flag update events
        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('all', check_bool),
            ('type', equals('update_message_flags')),
            ('flag', check_string),
            ('messages', check_list(check_int)),
            ('operation', equals("add")),
        ])

        message = self.send_personal_message(
            self.example_user("cordelia"),
            self.example_user("hamlet"),
            "hello",
        )
        user_profile = self.example_user('hamlet')
        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_update_message_flags(user_profile, get_client("website"), 'add', 'starred', [message]),
            state_change_expected=True,
        )
        schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])
        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('all', check_bool),
            ('type', equals('update_message_flags')),
            ('flag', check_string),
            ('messages', check_list(check_int)),
            ('operation', equals("remove")),
        ])
        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_update_message_flags(user_profile, get_client("website"), 'remove', 'starred', [message]),
            state_change_expected=True,
        )
        schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_update_read_flag_removes_unread_msg_ids(self) -> None:

        user_profile = self.example_user('hamlet')
        mention = '@**' + user_profile.full_name + '**'

        for content in ['hello', mention]:
            message = self.send_stream_message(
                self.example_user('cordelia'),
                "Verona",
                content,
            )

            self.verify_action(
                lambda: do_update_message_flags(user_profile, get_client("website"), 'add', 'read', [message]),
                state_change_expected=True,
            )

    def test_send_message_to_existing_recipient(self) -> None:
        sender = self.example_user('cordelia')
        self.send_stream_message(
            sender,
            "Verona",
            "hello 1",
        )
        self.verify_action(
            lambda: self.send_stream_message(sender, "Verona", "hello 2"),
            state_change_expected=True,
        )

    def test_add_reaction(self) -> None:
        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('reaction')),
            ('op', equals('add')),
            ('message_id', check_int),
            ('emoji_name', check_string),
            ('emoji_code', check_string),
            ('reaction_type', check_string),
            ('user_id', check_int),
            ('user', check_dict_only([
                ('email', check_string),
                ('full_name', check_string),
                ('user_id', check_int),
            ])),
        ])

        message_id = self.send_stream_message(self.example_user("hamlet"), "Verona", "hello")
        message = Message.objects.get(id=message_id)
        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_add_reaction(
                self.user_profile, message, "tada", "1f389", "unicode_emoji"),
            state_change_expected=False,
        )
        schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_add_submessage(self) -> None:
        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('submessage')),
            ('message_id', check_int),
            ('submessage_id', check_int),
            ('sender_id', check_int),
            ('msg_type', check_string),
            ('content', check_string),
        ])

        cordelia = self.example_user('cordelia')
        stream_name = 'Verona'
        message_id = self.send_stream_message(
            sender=cordelia,
            stream_name=stream_name,
        )
        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_add_submessage(
                realm=cordelia.realm,
                sender_id=cordelia.id,
                message_id=message_id,
                msg_type='whatever',
                content='"stuff"',
            ),
            state_change_expected=False,
        )
        schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_remove_reaction(self) -> None:
        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('reaction')),
            ('op', equals('remove')),
            ('message_id', check_int),
            ('emoji_name', check_string),
            ('emoji_code', check_string),
            ('reaction_type', check_string),
            ('user_id', check_int),
            ('user', check_dict_only([
                ('email', check_string),
                ('full_name', check_string),
                ('user_id', check_int),
            ])),
        ])

        message_id = self.send_stream_message(self.example_user("hamlet"), "Verona", "hello")
        message = Message.objects.get(id=message_id)
        do_add_reaction(self.user_profile, message, "tada", "1f389", "unicode_emoji")
        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_remove_reaction(
                self.user_profile, message, "1f389", "unicode_emoji"),
            state_change_expected=False,
        )
        schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_invite_user_event(self) -> None:
        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('invites_changed')),
        ])

        self.user_profile = self.example_user('iago')
        streams = []
        for stream_name in ["Denmark", "Scotland"]:
            streams.append(get_stream(stream_name, self.user_profile.realm))
        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_invite_users(self.user_profile, ["foo@zulip.com"], streams, False),
            state_change_expected=False,
        )
        schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_create_multiuse_invite_event(self) -> None:
        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('invites_changed')),
        ])

        self.user_profile = self.example_user('iago')
        streams = []
        for stream_name in ["Denmark", "Verona"]:
            streams.append(get_stream(stream_name, self.user_profile.realm))

        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_create_multiuse_invite_link(self.user_profile, PreregistrationUser.INVITE_AS['MEMBER'], streams),
            state_change_expected=False,
        )
        schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_revoke_user_invite_event(self) -> None:
        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('invites_changed')),
        ])

        self.user_profile = self.example_user('iago')
        streams = []
        for stream_name in ["Denmark", "Verona"]:
            streams.append(get_stream(stream_name, self.user_profile.realm))
        do_invite_users(self.user_profile, ["foo@zulip.com"], streams, False)
        prereg_users = PreregistrationUser.objects.filter(referred_by__realm=self.user_profile.realm)
        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_revoke_user_invite(prereg_users[0]),
            state_change_expected=False,
        )
        schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_revoke_multiuse_invite_event(self) -> None:
        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('invites_changed')),
        ])

        self.user_profile = self.example_user('iago')
        streams = []
        for stream_name in ["Denmark", "Verona"]:
            streams.append(get_stream(stream_name, self.user_profile.realm))
        do_create_multiuse_invite_link(self.user_profile, PreregistrationUser.INVITE_AS['MEMBER'], streams)

        multiuse_object = MultiuseInvite.objects.get()
        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_revoke_multi_use_invite(multiuse_object),
            state_change_expected=False,
        )
        schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_invitation_accept_invite_event(self) -> None:
        reset_emails_in_zulip_realm()

        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('invites_changed')),
        ])

        self.user_profile = self.example_user('iago')
        streams = []
        for stream_name in ["Denmark", "Scotland"]:
            streams.append(get_stream(stream_name, self.user_profile.realm))

        do_invite_users(self.user_profile, ["foo@zulip.com"], streams, False)
        prereg_user = PreregistrationUser.objects.get(email="foo@zulip.com")

        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_create_user(
                'foo@zulip.com',
                'password',
                self.user_profile.realm,
                'full name',
                prereg_user=prereg_user,
            ),
            state_change_expected=True,
            num_events=5,
        )

        schema_checker('events[4]', events[4])

    def test_typing_events(self) -> None:
        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('typing')),
            ('op', equals('start')),
            ('sender', check_dict_only([
                ('email', check_string),
                ('user_id', check_int)])),
            ('recipients', check_list(check_dict_only([
                ('email', check_string),
                ('user_id', check_int),
            ]))),
        ])

        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: check_send_typing_notification(
                self.user_profile, [self.example_user("cordelia").id], "start"),
            state_change_expected=False,
        )
        schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_custom_profile_fields_events(self) -> None:
        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('custom_profile_fields')),
            ('op', equals('add')),
            ('fields', check_list(check_dict_only([
                ('id', check_int),
                ('type', check_int),
                ('name', check_string),
                ('hint', check_string),
                ('field_data', check_string),
                ('order', check_int),
            ]))),
        ])

        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: notify_realm_custom_profile_fields(
                self.user_profile.realm, 'add'),
            state_change_expected=False,
        )
        schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

        realm = self.user_profile.realm
        field = realm.customprofilefield_set.get(realm=realm, name='Biography')
        name = field.name
        hint = 'Biography of the user'
        try_update_realm_custom_profile_field(realm, field, name, hint=hint)

        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: notify_realm_custom_profile_fields(
                self.user_profile.realm, 'add'),
            state_change_expected=False,
        )
        schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_custom_profile_field_data_events(self) -> None:
        schema_checker_basic = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('realm_user')),
            ('op', equals('update')),
            ('person', check_dict_only([
                ('user_id', check_int),
                ('custom_profile_field', check_dict_only([
                    ('id', check_int),
                    ('value', check_none_or(check_string)),
                ])),
            ])),
        ])

        schema_checker_with_rendered_value = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('realm_user')),
            ('op', equals('update')),
            ('person', check_dict_only([
                ('user_id', check_int),
                ('custom_profile_field', check_dict_only([
                    ('id', check_int),
                    ('value', check_none_or(check_string)),
                    ('rendered_value', check_none_or(check_string)),
                ])),
            ])),
        ])

        field_id = self.user_profile.realm.customprofilefield_set.get(
            realm=self.user_profile.realm, name='Biography').id
        field = {
            "id": field_id,
            "value": "New value",
        }
        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_update_user_custom_profile_data_if_changed(
                self.user_profile,
                [field]))
        schema_checker_with_rendered_value('events[0]', events[0])

        # Test we pass correct stringify value in custom-user-field data event
        field_id = self.user_profile.realm.customprofilefield_set.get(
            realm=self.user_profile.realm, name='Mentor').id
        field = {
            "id": field_id,
            "value": [self.example_user("ZOE").id],
        }
        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_update_user_custom_profile_data_if_changed(
                self.user_profile,
                [field]))
        schema_checker_basic('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_presence_events(self) -> None:
        fields = [
            ('type', equals('presence')),
            ('user_id', check_int),
            ('server_timestamp', check_float),
            ('presence', check_dict_only([
                ('website', check_dict_only([
                    ('status', equals('active')),
                    ('timestamp', check_int),
                    ('client', check_string),
                    ('pushable', check_bool),
                ])),
            ])),
        ]

        email_field = ('email', check_string)

        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_update_user_presence(
                self.user_profile,
                get_client("website"),
                timezone_now(),
                UserPresence.ACTIVE),
            slim_presence=False)
        schema_checker = check_events_dict(fields + [email_field])
        schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_update_user_presence(
                self.example_user('cordelia'),
                get_client("website"),
                timezone_now(),
                UserPresence.ACTIVE),
            slim_presence=True)
        schema_checker = check_events_dict(fields)
        schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_presence_events_multiple_clients(self) -> None:
        schema_checker_android = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('presence')),
            ('email', check_string),
            ('user_id', check_int),
            ('server_timestamp', check_float),
            ('presence', check_dict_only([
                ('ZulipAndroid/1.0', check_dict_only([
                    ('status', equals('idle')),
                    ('timestamp', check_int),
                    ('client', check_string),
                    ('pushable', check_bool),
                ])),
            ])),
        ])

        self.api_post(self.user_profile, "/api/v1/users/me/presence", {'status': 'idle'},
                      HTTP_USER_AGENT="ZulipAndroid/1.0")
        self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_update_user_presence(
                self.user_profile,
                get_client("website"),
                timezone_now(),
                UserPresence.ACTIVE))
        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_update_user_presence(
                self.user_profile,
                get_client("ZulipAndroid/1.0"),
                timezone_now(),
                UserPresence.IDLE))
        schema_checker_android('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_register_events(self) -> None:
        realm_user_add_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('realm_user')),
            ('op', equals('add')),
            ('person', check_dict_only([
                ('user_id', check_int),
                ('email', check_string),
                ('avatar_url', check_none_or(check_string)),
                ('avatar_version', check_int),
                ('full_name', check_string),
                ('is_admin', check_bool),
                ('is_owner', check_bool),
                ('is_bot', check_bool),
                ('is_guest', check_bool),
                ('is_active', check_bool),
                ('profile_data', check_dict_only([])),
                ('timezone', check_string),
                ('date_joined', check_string),
            ])),
        ])

        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: self.register("test1@zulip.com", "test1"))
        self.assert_length(events, 1)
        realm_user_add_checker('events[0]', events[0])
        new_user_profile = get_user_by_delivery_email("test1@zulip.com", self.user_profile.realm)
        self.assertEqual(new_user_profile.delivery_email, "test1@zulip.com")

    def test_register_events_email_address_visibility(self) -> None:
        realm_user_add_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('realm_user')),
            ('op', equals('add')),
            ('person', check_dict_only([
                ('user_id', check_int),
                ('email', check_string),
                ('avatar_url', check_none_or(check_string)),
                ('avatar_version', check_int),
                ('full_name', check_string),
                ('is_active', check_bool),
                ('is_admin', check_bool),
                ('is_owner', check_bool),
                ('is_bot', check_bool),
                ('is_guest', check_bool),
                ('profile_data', check_dict_only([])),
                ('timezone', check_string),
                ('date_joined', check_string),
            ])),
        ])

        do_set_realm_property(self.user_profile.realm, "email_address_visibility",
                              Realm.EMAIL_ADDRESS_VISIBILITY_ADMINS)

        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: self.register("test1@zulip.com", "test1"))
        self.assert_length(events, 1)
        realm_user_add_checker('events[0]', events[0])
        new_user_profile = get_user_by_delivery_email("test1@zulip.com", self.user_profile.realm)
        self.assertEqual(new_user_profile.email, f"user{new_user_profile.id}@zulip.testserver")

    def test_alert_words_events(self) -> None:
        alert_words_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('alert_words')),
            ('alert_words', check_list(check_string)),
        ])

        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_add_alert_words(self.user_profile, ["alert_word"]))
        alert_words_checker('events[0]', events[0])

        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_remove_alert_words(self.user_profile, ["alert_word"]))
        alert_words_checker('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_away_events(self) -> None:
        checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('user_status')),
            ('user_id', check_int),
            ('away', check_bool),
            ('status_text', check_string),
        ])

        client = get_client("website")
        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_update_user_status(
                user_profile=self.user_profile,
                away=True,
                status_text='out to lunch',
                client_id=client.id))

        checker('events[0]', events[0])

        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_update_user_status(
                user_profile=self.user_profile,
                away=False,
                status_text='',
                client_id=client.id))

        checker('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_user_group_events(self) -> None:
        user_group_add_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('user_group')),
            ('op', equals('add')),
            ('group', check_dict_only([
                ('id', check_int),
                ('name', check_string),
                ('members', check_list(check_int)),
                ('description', check_string),
            ])),
        ])
        othello = self.example_user('othello')
        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: check_add_user_group(
                self.user_profile.realm,
                'backend',
                [othello],
                'Backend team'))
        user_group_add_checker('events[0]', events[0])

        # Test name update
        user_group_update_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('user_group')),
            ('op', equals('update')),
            ('group_id', check_int),
            ('data', check_dict_only([
                ('name', check_string),
            ])),
        ])
        backend = UserGroup.objects.get(name='backend')
        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_update_user_group_name(backend, 'backendteam'))
        user_group_update_checker('events[0]', events[0])

        # Test description update
        user_group_update_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('user_group')),
            ('op', equals('update')),
            ('group_id', check_int),
            ('data', check_dict_only([
                ('description', check_string),
            ])),
        ])
        description = "Backend team to deal with backend code."
        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_update_user_group_description(backend, description))
        user_group_update_checker('events[0]', events[0])

        # Test add members
        user_group_add_member_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('user_group')),
            ('op', equals('add_members')),
            ('group_id', check_int),
            ('user_ids', check_list(check_int)),
        ])
        hamlet = self.example_user('hamlet')
        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: bulk_add_members_to_user_group(backend, [hamlet]))
        user_group_add_member_checker('events[0]', events[0])

        # Test remove members
        user_group_remove_member_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('user_group')),
            ('op', equals('remove_members')),
            ('group_id', check_int),
            ('user_ids', check_list(check_int)),
        ])
        hamlet = self.example_user('hamlet')
        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: remove_members_from_user_group(backend, [hamlet]))
        user_group_remove_member_checker('events[0]', events[0])

        # Test delete event
        user_group_remove_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('user_group')),
            ('op', equals('remove')),
            ('group_id', check_int),
        ])
        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: check_delete_user_group(backend.id, othello))
        user_group_remove_checker('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_default_stream_groups_events(self) -> None:
        default_stream_groups_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('default_stream_groups')),
            ('default_stream_groups', check_list(check_dict_only([
                ('name', check_string),
                ('id', check_int),
                ('description', check_string),
                ('streams', check_list(check_dict_only(basic_stream_fields))),
            ]))),
        ])

        streams = []
        for stream_name in ["Scotland", "Verona", "Denmark"]:
            streams.append(get_stream(stream_name, self.user_profile.realm))

        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_create_default_stream_group(
                self.user_profile.realm,
                "group1",
                "This is group1",
                streams))
        default_stream_groups_checker('events[0]', events[0])

        group = lookup_default_stream_groups(["group1"], self.user_profile.realm)[0]
        venice_stream = get_stream("Venice", self.user_profile.realm)
        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_add_streams_to_default_stream_group(
                self.user_profile.realm,
                group,
                [venice_stream]))
        default_stream_groups_checker('events[0]', events[0])

        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_remove_streams_from_default_stream_group(
                self.user_profile.realm,
                group,
                [venice_stream]))
        default_stream_groups_checker('events[0]', events[0])

        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_change_default_stream_group_description(
                self.user_profile.realm,
                group,
                "New description"))
        default_stream_groups_checker('events[0]', events[0])

        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_change_default_stream_group_name(
                self.user_profile.realm,
                group,
                "New Group Name"))
        default_stream_groups_checker('events[0]', events[0])

        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_remove_default_stream_group(self.user_profile.realm, group))
        default_stream_groups_checker('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_default_stream_group_events_guest(self) -> None:
        streams = []
        for stream_name in ["Scotland", "Verona", "Denmark"]:
            streams.append(get_stream(stream_name, self.user_profile.realm))

        do_create_default_stream_group(self.user_profile.realm, "group1",
                                       "This is group1", streams)
        group = lookup_default_stream_groups(["group1"], self.user_profile.realm)[0]

        do_change_user_role(self.user_profile, UserProfile.ROLE_GUEST)
        venice_stream = get_stream("Venice", self.user_profile.realm)
        self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_add_streams_to_default_stream_group(
                self.user_profile.realm,
                group,
                [venice_stream]),
            state_change_expected = False,
            num_events=0)

    def test_default_streams_events(self) -> None:
        default_streams_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('default_streams')),
            ('default_streams', check_list(check_dict_only(basic_stream_fields))),
        ])

        stream = get_stream("Scotland", self.user_profile.realm)
        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_add_default_stream(stream))
        default_streams_checker('events[0]', events[0])
        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_remove_default_stream(stream))
        default_streams_checker('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_default_streams_events_guest(self) -> None:
        do_change_user_role(self.user_profile, UserProfile.ROLE_GUEST)
        stream = get_stream("Scotland", self.user_profile.realm)
        self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_add_default_stream(stream),
            state_change_expected = False,
            num_events=0)
        self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_remove_default_stream(stream),
            state_change_expected = False,
            num_events=0)

    def test_muted_topics_events(self) -> None:
        muted_topics_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('muted_topics')),
            ('muted_topics', check_list(check_tuple([
                check_string,  # stream name
                check_string,  # topic name
                check_int,  # timestamp
            ]))),
        ])
        stream = get_stream('Denmark', self.user_profile.realm)
        recipient = stream.recipient
        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_mute_topic(
                self.user_profile,
                stream,
                recipient,
                "topic"))
        muted_topics_checker('events[0]', events[0])

        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_unmute_topic(
                self.user_profile,
                stream,
                "topic"))
        muted_topics_checker('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_change_avatar_fields(self) -> None:
        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('realm_user')),
            ('op', equals('update')),
            ('person', check_dict_only([
                ('avatar_url', check_string),
                ('avatar_url_medium', check_string),
                ('avatar_version', check_int),
                ('avatar_source', check_string),
                ('user_id', check_int),
            ])),
        ])
        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_change_avatar_fields(self.user_profile, UserProfile.AVATAR_FROM_USER, acting_user=self.user_profile),
        )
        schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('realm_user')),
            ('op', equals('update')),
            ('person', check_dict_only([
                ('avatar_source', check_string),
                ('avatar_url', check_none_or(check_string)),
                ('avatar_url_medium', check_none_or(check_string)),
                ('avatar_version', check_int),
                ('user_id', check_int),
            ])),
        ])
        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_change_avatar_fields(self.user_profile, UserProfile.AVATAR_FROM_GRAVATAR, acting_user=self.user_profile),
        )
        schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_change_full_name(self) -> None:
        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('realm_user')),
            ('op', equals('update')),
            ('person', check_dict_only([
                ('full_name', check_string),
                ('user_id', check_int),
            ])),
        ])
        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_change_full_name(
                self.user_profile,
                'Sir Hamlet',
                self.user_profile))
        schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_change_user_delivery_email_email_address_visibilty_admins(self) -> None:
        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('realm_user')),
            ('op', equals('update')),
            ('person', check_dict_only([
                ('delivery_email', check_string),
                ('user_id', check_int),
            ])),
        ])
        avatar_schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('realm_user')),
            ('op', equals('update')),
            ('person', check_dict_only([
                ('avatar_source', check_string),
                ('avatar_url', check_string),
                ('avatar_url_medium', check_string),
                ('avatar_version', check_int),
                ('user_id', check_int),
            ])),
        ])
        do_set_realm_property(self.user_profile.realm, "email_address_visibility",
                              Realm.EMAIL_ADDRESS_VISIBILITY_ADMINS)
        # Important: We need to refresh from the database here so that
        # we don't have a stale UserProfile object with an old value
        # for email being passed into this next function.
        self.user_profile.refresh_from_db()
        action = lambda: do_change_user_delivery_email(self.user_profile, 'newhamlet@zulip.com')
        events = self.verify_action(
            action,
            num_events=2,
            client_gravatar=False)
        schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])
        avatar_schema_checker('events[1]', events[1])

    def test_change_realm_authentication_methods(self) -> None:
        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('realm')),
            ('op', equals('update_dict')),
            ('property', equals('default')),
            ('data', check_dict_only([
                ('authentication_methods', check_dict_only([
                    ('Google', check_bool),
                    ('Dev', check_bool),
                    ('LDAP', check_bool),
                    ('GitHub', check_bool),
                    ('Email', check_bool),
                ])),
            ])),
        ])

        def fake_backends() -> Any:
            backends = (
                'zproject.backends.DevAuthBackend',
                'zproject.backends.EmailAuthBackend',
                'zproject.backends.GitHubAuthBackend',
                'zproject.backends.GoogleAuthBackend',
                'zproject.backends.ZulipLDAPAuthBackend',
            )
            return self.settings(AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS=backends)

        # Test transitions; any new backends should be tested with T/T/T/F/T
        for (auth_method_dict) in \
                ({'Google': True, 'Email': True, 'GitHub': True, 'LDAP': False, 'Dev': False},
                 {'Google': True, 'Email': True, 'GitHub': False, 'LDAP': False, 'Dev': False},
                 {'Google': True, 'Email': False, 'GitHub': False, 'LDAP': False, 'Dev': False},
                 {'Google': True, 'Email': False, 'GitHub': True, 'LDAP': False, 'Dev': False},
                 {'Google': False, 'Email': False, 'GitHub': False, 'LDAP': False, 'Dev': True},
                 {'Google': False, 'Email': False, 'GitHub': True, 'LDAP': False, 'Dev': True},
                 {'Google': False, 'Email': True, 'GitHub': True, 'LDAP': True, 'Dev': False}):
            with fake_backends():
                events = self.verify_action(
                    lambda: do_set_realm_authentication_methods(
                        self.user_profile.realm,
                        auth_method_dict))

            schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_change_pin_stream(self) -> None:
        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('subscription')),
            ('op', equals('update')),
            ('property', equals('pin_to_top')),
            ('stream_id', check_int),
            ('value', check_bool),
            ('name', check_string),
            ('email', check_string),
        ])
        stream = get_stream("Denmark", self.user_profile.realm)
        sub = get_subscription(stream.name, self.user_profile)
        do_change_subscription_property(self.user_profile, sub, stream, "pin_to_top", False)
        for pinned in (True, False):
            events = self.verify_action(
                lambda: do_change_subscription_property(
                    self.user_profile,
                    sub,
                    stream,
                    "pin_to_top",
                    pinned))
            schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_change_stream_notification_settings(self) -> None:
        for setting_name in ['email_notifications']:
            schema_checker = check_events_dict([
                ('type', equals('subscription')),
                ('op', equals('update')),
                ('property', equals(setting_name)),
                ('stream_id', check_int),
                ('value', check_bool),
                ('name', check_string),
                ('email', check_string),
            ])
        stream = get_stream("Denmark", self.user_profile.realm)
        sub = get_subscription(stream.name, self.user_profile)

        # First test with notification_settings_null enabled
        for value in (True, False):
            events = self.verify_action(
                lambda: do_change_subscription_property(
                    self.user_profile,
                    sub,
                    stream,
                    setting_name, value),
                notification_settings_null=True)
            schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

        for value in (True, False):
            events = self.verify_action(
                lambda: do_change_subscription_property(
                    self.user_profile,
                    sub,
                    stream,
                    setting_name,
                    value))
            schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_change_realm_message_edit_settings(self) -> None:
        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('realm')),
            ('op', equals('update_dict')),
            ('property', equals('default')),
            ('data', check_dict_only([
                ('allow_message_editing', check_bool),
                ('message_content_edit_limit_seconds', check_int),
                ('allow_community_topic_editing', check_bool),
            ])),
        ])
        # Test every transition among the four possibilities {T,F} x {0, non-0}
        for (allow_message_editing, message_content_edit_limit_seconds) in \
            ((True, 0), (False, 0), (False, 1234),
             (True, 600), (False, 0), (True, 1234)):
            events = self.verify_action(
                lambda: do_set_realm_message_editing(self.user_profile.realm,
                                                     allow_message_editing,
                                                     message_content_edit_limit_seconds,
                                                     False))
            schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_change_realm_notifications_stream(self) -> None:
        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('realm')),
            ('op', equals('update')),
            ('property', equals('notifications_stream_id')),
            ('value', check_int),
        ])

        stream = get_stream("Rome", self.user_profile.realm)

        for notifications_stream, notifications_stream_id in ((stream, stream.id), (None, -1)):
            events = self.verify_action(
                lambda: do_set_realm_notifications_stream(self.user_profile.realm,
                                                          notifications_stream,
                                                          notifications_stream_id))
            schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_change_realm_signup_notifications_stream(self) -> None:
        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('realm')),
            ('op', equals('update')),
            ('property', equals('signup_notifications_stream_id')),
            ('value', check_int),
        ])

        stream = get_stream("Rome", self.user_profile.realm)

        for signup_notifications_stream, signup_notifications_stream_id in ((stream, stream.id), (None, -1)):
            events = self.verify_action(
                lambda: do_set_realm_signup_notifications_stream(self.user_profile.realm,
                                                                 signup_notifications_stream,
                                                                 signup_notifications_stream_id))
            schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_change_is_admin(self) -> None:
        reset_emails_in_zulip_realm()

        # Important: We need to refresh from the database here so that
        # we don't have a stale UserProfile object with an old value
        # for email being passed into this next function.
        self.user_profile.refresh_from_db()

        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('realm_user')),
            ('op', equals('update')),
            ('person', check_dict_only([
                ('role', check_int_in(UserProfile.ROLE_TYPES)),
                ('user_id', check_int),
            ])),
        ])

        do_change_user_role(self.user_profile, UserProfile.ROLE_MEMBER)
        for role in [UserProfile.ROLE_REALM_ADMINISTRATOR, UserProfile.ROLE_MEMBER]:
            events = self.verify_action(
                lambda: do_change_user_role(self.user_profile, role))
            schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_change_is_owner(self) -> None:
        reset_emails_in_zulip_realm()

        # Important: We need to refresh from the database here so that
        # we don't have a stale UserProfile object with an old value
        # for email being passed into this next function.
        self.user_profile.refresh_from_db()

        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('realm_user')),
            ('op', equals('update')),
            ('person', check_dict_only([
                ('role', check_int_in(UserProfile.ROLE_TYPES)),
                ('user_id', check_int),
            ])),
        ])

        do_change_user_role(self.user_profile, UserProfile.ROLE_MEMBER)
        for role in [UserProfile.ROLE_REALM_OWNER, UserProfile.ROLE_MEMBER]:
            events = self.verify_action(
                lambda: do_change_user_role(self.user_profile, role))
            schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_change_is_guest(self) -> None:
        reset_emails_in_zulip_realm()

        # Important: We need to refresh from the database here so that
        # we don't have a stale UserProfile object with an old value
        # for email being passed into this next function.
        self.user_profile.refresh_from_db()

        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('realm_user')),
            ('op', equals('update')),
            ('person', check_dict_only([
                ('role', check_int_in(UserProfile.ROLE_TYPES)),
                ('user_id', check_int),
            ])),
        ])

        do_change_user_role(self.user_profile, UserProfile.ROLE_MEMBER)
        for role in [UserProfile.ROLE_GUEST, UserProfile.ROLE_MEMBER]:
            events = self.verify_action(
                lambda: do_change_user_role(self.user_profile, role))
            schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_change_notification_settings(self) -> None:
        for notification_setting, v in self.user_profile.notification_setting_types.items():
            if notification_setting in ["notification_sound", "desktop_icon_count_display"]:
                # These settings are tested in their own tests.
                continue

            schema_checker = check_events_dict([
                ('type', equals('update_global_notifications')),
                ('notification_name', equals(notification_setting)),
                ('user', check_string),
                ('setting', check_bool),
            ])
            do_change_notification_settings(self.user_profile, notification_setting, False)

            for setting_value in [True, False]:
                events = self.verify_action(
                    lambda: do_change_notification_settings(
                        self.user_profile,
                        notification_setting,
                        setting_value,
                        log=False))
                schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

                # Also test with notification_settings_null=True
                events = self.verify_action(
                    lambda: do_change_notification_settings(
                        self.user_profile, notification_setting, setting_value, log=False),
                    notification_settings_null=True,
                    state_change_expected=False)
                schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_change_notification_sound(self) -> None:
        notification_setting = "notification_sound"
        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('update_global_notifications')),
            ('notification_name', equals(notification_setting)),
            ('user', check_string),
            ('setting', equals("ding")),
        ])

        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_change_notification_settings(
                self.user_profile,
                notification_setting,
                'ding',
                log=False))
        schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_change_desktop_icon_count_display(self) -> None:
        notification_setting = "desktop_icon_count_display"
        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('update_global_notifications')),
            ('notification_name', equals(notification_setting)),
            ('user', check_string),
            ('setting', equals(2)),
        ])

        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_change_notification_settings(
                self.user_profile,
                notification_setting,
                2,
                log=False))
        schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('update_global_notifications')),
            ('notification_name', equals(notification_setting)),
            ('user', check_string),
            ('setting', equals(1)),
        ])

        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_change_notification_settings(
                self.user_profile,
                notification_setting,
                1,
                log=False))
        schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_realm_update_plan_type(self) -> None:
        realm = self.user_profile.realm

        state_data = fetch_initial_state_data(self.user_profile, None, "", False, False)
        self.assertEqual(state_data['realm_plan_type'], Realm.SELF_HOSTED)
        self.assertEqual(state_data['zulip_plan_is_not_limited'], True)

        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('realm')),
            ('op', equals('update')),
            ('property', equals('plan_type')),
            ('value', equals(Realm.LIMITED)),
            ('extra_data', check_dict_only([
                ('upload_quota', check_int),
            ])),
        ])
        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_change_plan_type(realm, Realm.LIMITED))
        schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

        state_data = fetch_initial_state_data(self.user_profile, None, "", False, False)
        self.assertEqual(state_data['realm_plan_type'], Realm.LIMITED)
        self.assertEqual(state_data['zulip_plan_is_not_limited'], False)

    def test_realm_emoji_events(self) -> None:
        check_realm_emoji_fields = check_dict_only([
            ('id', check_string),
            ('name', check_string),
            ('source_url', check_string),
            ('deactivated', check_bool),
            ('author_id', check_int),
        ])

        def realm_emoji_checker(var_name: str, val: object) -> None:
            '''
            The way we send realm emojis is kinda clumsy--we
            send a dict mapping the emoji id to a sub_dict with
            the fields (including the id).  Ideally we can streamline
            this and just send a list of dicts.  The clients can make
            a Map as needed.
            '''
            assert isinstance(val, dict)
            for k, v in val.items():
                assert isinstance(k, str)
                assert v['id'] == k
                check_realm_emoji_fields(f'{var_name}[{k}]', v)

        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('realm_emoji')),
            ('op', equals('update')),
            ('realm_emoji', realm_emoji_checker),
        ])
        author = self.example_user('iago')
        with get_test_image_file('img.png') as img_file:
            events = self.verify_action(
                lambda: check_add_realm_emoji(
                    self.user_profile.realm,
                    "my_emoji",
                    author,
                    img_file))

        schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_remove_realm_emoji(self.user_profile.realm, "my_emoji"))
        schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_realm_filter_events(self) -> None:
        regex = "#(?P<id>[123])"
        url = "https://realm.com/my_realm_filter/%(id)s"

        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('realm_filters')),
            ('realm_filters', check_list(check_tuple([
                check_string,
                check_string,
                check_int,
            ]))),
        ])
        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_add_realm_filter(self.user_profile.realm, regex, url))
        schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_remove_realm_filter(self.user_profile.realm, "#(?P<id>[123])"))
        schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_realm_domain_events(self) -> None:
        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('realm_domains')),
            ('op', equals('add')),
            ('realm_domain', check_dict_only([
                ('domain', check_string),
                ('allow_subdomains', check_bool),
            ])),
        ])
        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_add_realm_domain(self.user_profile.realm, 'zulip.org', False))
        schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('realm_domains')),
            ('op', equals('change')),
            ('realm_domain', check_dict_only([
                ('domain', equals('zulip.org')),
                ('allow_subdomains', equals(True)),
            ])),
        ])
        test_domain = RealmDomain.objects.get(realm=self.user_profile.realm,
                                              domain='zulip.org')
        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_change_realm_domain(test_domain, True))
        schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('realm_domains')),
            ('op', equals('remove')),
            ('domain', equals('zulip.org')),
        ])
        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_remove_realm_domain(test_domain))
        schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_create_bot(self) -> None:
        # We use a strict check here, because this test
        # isn't specifically focused on seeing how
        # flexible we can make the types be for config_data.
        ad_hoc_config_data_schema = equals(dict(foo='bar'))

        def get_bot_created_checker(bot_type: str) -> Validator[object]:
            if bot_type == "GENERIC_BOT":
                # Generic bots don't really understand the concept of
                # "services", so we just enforce that we get an empty list.
                check_services: Validator[List[object]] = equals([])
            elif bot_type == "OUTGOING_WEBHOOK_BOT":
                check_services = check_list(check_dict_only([
                    ('base_url', check_url),
                    ('interface', check_int),
                    ('token', check_string),
                ]), length=1)
            elif bot_type == "EMBEDDED_BOT":
                check_services = check_list(check_dict_only([
                    ('service_name', check_string),
                    ('config_data', ad_hoc_config_data_schema),
                ]), length=1)
            return check_events_dict([
                ('type', equals('realm_bot')),
                ('op', equals('add')),
                ('bot', check_dict_only([
                    ('email', check_string),
                    ('user_id', check_int),
                    ('bot_type', check_int),
                    ('full_name', check_string),
                    ('is_active', check_bool),
                    ('api_key', check_string),
                    ('default_sending_stream', check_none_or(check_string)),
                    ('default_events_register_stream', check_none_or(check_string)),
                    ('default_all_public_streams', check_bool),
                    ('avatar_url', check_string),
                    ('owner_id', check_int),
                    ('services', check_services),
                ])),
            ])
        action = lambda: self.create_bot('test')
        events = self.verify_action(action, num_events=2)
        get_bot_created_checker(bot_type="GENERIC_BOT")('events[1]', events[1])

        action = lambda: self.create_bot('test_outgoing_webhook',
                                         full_name='Outgoing Webhook Bot',
                                         payload_url=ujson.dumps('https://foo.bar.com'),
                                         interface_type=Service.GENERIC,
                                         bot_type=UserProfile.OUTGOING_WEBHOOK_BOT)
        events = self.verify_action(action, num_events=2)
        # The third event is the second call of notify_created_bot, which contains additional
        # data for services (in contrast to the first call).
        get_bot_created_checker(bot_type="OUTGOING_WEBHOOK_BOT")('events[1]', events[1])

        action = lambda: self.create_bot('test_embedded',
                                         full_name='Embedded Bot',
                                         service_name='helloworld',
                                         config_data=ujson.dumps({'foo': 'bar'}),
                                         bot_type=UserProfile.EMBEDDED_BOT)
        events = self.verify_action(action, num_events=2)
        get_bot_created_checker(bot_type="EMBEDDED_BOT")('events[1]', events[1])

    def test_change_bot_full_name(self) -> None:
        bot = self.create_bot('test')
        action = lambda: do_change_full_name(bot, 'New Bot Name', self.user_profile)
        events = self.verify_action(action, num_events=2)
        self.realm_bot_schema('full_name', check_string)('events[1]', events[1])

    def test_regenerate_bot_api_key(self) -> None:
        bot = self.create_bot('test')
        action = lambda: do_regenerate_api_key(bot, self.user_profile)
        events = self.verify_action(action)
        self.realm_bot_schema('api_key', check_string)('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_change_bot_avatar_source(self) -> None:
        bot = self.create_bot('test')
        action = lambda: do_change_avatar_fields(bot, bot.AVATAR_FROM_USER, acting_user=self.user_profile)
        events = self.verify_action(action, num_events=2)
        self.realm_bot_schema('avatar_url', check_string)('events[0]', events[0])
        self.assertEqual(events[1]['type'], 'realm_user')

    def test_change_realm_icon_source(self) -> None:
        action = lambda: do_change_icon_source(self.user_profile.realm, Realm.ICON_UPLOADED)
        events = self.verify_action(action, state_change_expected=True)
        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('realm')),
            ('op', equals('update_dict')),
            ('property', equals('icon')),
            ('data', check_dict_only([
                ('icon_url', check_string),
                ('icon_source', check_string),
            ])),
        ])
        schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_change_realm_day_mode_logo_source(self) -> None:
        action = lambda: do_change_logo_source(self.user_profile.realm, Realm.LOGO_UPLOADED, False, acting_user=self.user_profile)
        events = self.verify_action(action, state_change_expected=True)
        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('realm')),
            ('op', equals('update_dict')),
            ('property', equals('logo')),
            ('data', check_dict_only([
                ('logo_url', check_string),
                ('logo_source', check_string),
            ])),
        ])
        schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_change_realm_night_mode_logo_source(self) -> None:
        action = lambda: do_change_logo_source(self.user_profile.realm, Realm.LOGO_UPLOADED, True, acting_user=self.user_profile)
        events = self.verify_action(action, state_change_expected=True)
        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('realm')),
            ('op', equals('update_dict')),
            ('property', equals('night_logo')),
            ('data', check_dict_only([
                ('night_logo_url', check_string),
                ('night_logo_source', check_string),
            ])),
        ])
        schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_change_bot_default_all_public_streams(self) -> None:
        bot = self.create_bot('test')
        action = lambda: do_change_default_all_public_streams(bot, True)
        events = self.verify_action(action)
        self.realm_bot_schema('default_all_public_streams', check_bool)('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_change_bot_default_sending_stream(self) -> None:
        bot = self.create_bot('test')
        stream = get_stream("Rome", bot.realm)

        action = lambda: do_change_default_sending_stream(bot, stream)
        events = self.verify_action(action)
        self.realm_bot_schema('default_sending_stream', check_string)('events[0]', events[0])

        action = lambda: do_change_default_sending_stream(bot, None)
        events = self.verify_action(action)
        self.realm_bot_schema('default_sending_stream', equals(None))('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_change_bot_default_events_register_stream(self) -> None:
        bot = self.create_bot('test')
        stream = get_stream("Rome", bot.realm)

        action = lambda: do_change_default_events_register_stream(bot, stream)
        events = self.verify_action(action)
        self.realm_bot_schema('default_events_register_stream', check_string)('events[0]', events[0])

        action = lambda: do_change_default_events_register_stream(bot, None)
        events = self.verify_action(action)
        self.realm_bot_schema('default_events_register_stream', equals(None))('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_change_bot_owner(self) -> None:
        change_bot_owner_checker_user = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('realm_user')),
            ('op', equals('update')),
            ('person', check_dict_only([
                ('user_id', check_int),
                ('bot_owner_id', check_int),
            ])),
        ])

        change_bot_owner_checker_bot = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('realm_bot')),
            ('op', equals('update')),
            ('bot', check_dict_only([
                ('user_id', check_int),
                ('owner_id', check_int),
            ])),
        ])
        self.user_profile = self.example_user('iago')
        owner = self.example_user('hamlet')
        bot = self.create_bot('test')
        action = lambda: do_change_bot_owner(bot, owner, self.user_profile)
        events = self.verify_action(action, num_events=2)
        change_bot_owner_checker_bot('events[0]', events[0])
        change_bot_owner_checker_user('events[1]', events[1])

        change_bot_owner_checker_bot = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('realm_bot')),
            ('op', equals('delete')),
            ('bot', check_dict_only([
                ('user_id', check_int),
            ])),
        ])
        self.user_profile = self.example_user('aaron')
        owner = self.example_user('hamlet')
        bot = self.create_bot('test1', full_name='Test1 Testerson')
        action = lambda: do_change_bot_owner(bot, owner, self.user_profile)
        events = self.verify_action(action, num_events=2)
        change_bot_owner_checker_bot('events[0]', events[0])
        change_bot_owner_checker_user('events[1]', events[1])

        change_bot_owner_checker_bot = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('realm_bot')),
            ('op', equals('add')),
            ('bot', check_dict_only([
                ('email', check_string),
                ('user_id', check_int),
                ('bot_type', check_int),
                ('full_name', check_string),
                ('is_active', check_bool),
                ('api_key', check_string),
                ('default_sending_stream', check_none_or(check_string)),
                ('default_events_register_stream', check_none_or(check_string)),
                ('default_all_public_streams', check_bool),
                ('avatar_url', check_string),
                ('owner_id', check_int),
                ('services', equals([])),
            ])),
        ])
        previous_owner = self.example_user('aaron')
        self.user_profile = self.example_user('hamlet')
        bot = self.create_test_bot('test2', previous_owner, full_name='Test2 Testerson')
        action = lambda: do_change_bot_owner(bot, self.user_profile, previous_owner)
        events = self.verify_action(action, num_events=2)
        change_bot_owner_checker_bot('events[0]', events[0])
        change_bot_owner_checker_user('events[1]', events[1])

    def test_do_update_outgoing_webhook_service(self) -> None:
        update_outgoing_webhook_service_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('realm_bot')),
            ('op', equals('update')),
            ('bot', check_dict_only([
                ('user_id', check_int),
                ('services', check_list(check_dict_only([
                    ('base_url', check_url),
                    ('interface', check_int),
                    ('token', check_string),
                ]))),
            ])),
        ])
        self.user_profile = self.example_user('iago')
        bot = self.create_test_bot('test', self.user_profile,
                                   full_name='Test Bot',
                                   bot_type=UserProfile.OUTGOING_WEBHOOK_BOT,
                                   payload_url=ujson.dumps('http://hostname.domain2.com'),
                                   interface_type=Service.GENERIC,
                                   )
        action = lambda: do_update_outgoing_webhook_service(bot, 2, 'http://hostname.domain2.com')
        events = self.verify_action(action)
        update_outgoing_webhook_service_checker('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_do_deactivate_user(self) -> None:
        bot_deactivate_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('realm_bot')),
            ('op', equals('remove')),
            ('bot', check_dict_only([
                ('full_name', check_string),
                ('user_id', check_int),
            ])),
        ])
        bot = self.create_bot('test')
        action = lambda: do_deactivate_user(bot)
        events = self.verify_action(action, num_events=2)
        bot_deactivate_checker('events[1]', events[1])

    def test_do_reactivate_user(self) -> None:
        bot_reactivate_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('realm_bot')),
            ('op', equals('add')),
            ('bot', check_dict_only([
                ('email', check_string),
                ('user_id', check_int),
                ('bot_type', check_int),
                ('full_name', check_string),
                ('is_active', check_bool),
                ('api_key', check_string),
                ('default_sending_stream', check_none_or(check_string)),
                ('default_events_register_stream', check_none_or(check_string)),
                ('default_all_public_streams', check_bool),
                ('avatar_url', check_string),
                ('owner_id', check_none_or(check_int)),
                ('services', check_list(check_dict_only([
                    ('base_url', check_url),
                    ('interface', check_int),
                ]))),
            ])),
        ])
        bot = self.create_bot('test')
        do_deactivate_user(bot)
        action = lambda: do_reactivate_user(bot)
        events = self.verify_action(action, num_events=2)
        bot_reactivate_checker('events[1]', events[1])

    def test_do_mark_hotspot_as_read(self) -> None:
        self.user_profile.tutorial_status = UserProfile.TUTORIAL_WAITING
        self.user_profile.save(update_fields=['tutorial_status'])

        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('hotspots')),
            ('hotspots', check_list(check_dict_only([
                ('name', check_string),
                ('title', check_string),
                ('description', check_string),
                ('delay', check_float),
            ]))),
        ])
        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_mark_hotspot_as_read(self.user_profile, 'intro_reply'))
        schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_rename_stream(self) -> None:
        stream = self.make_stream('old_name')
        new_name = 'stream with a brand new name'
        self.subscribe(self.user_profile, stream.name)
        notification = '<p><span class="user-mention silent" data-user-id="{user_id}">King Hamlet</span> renamed stream <strong>old_name</strong> to <strong>stream with a brand new name</strong>.</p>'
        notification = notification.format(user_id=self.user_profile.id)
        action = lambda: do_rename_stream(stream, new_name, self.user_profile)
        events = self.verify_action(action, num_events=3)
        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('stream')),
            ('op', equals('update')),
            ('property', equals('email_address')),
            ('value', check_string),
            ('stream_id', check_int),
            ('name', equals('old_name')),
        ])
        schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])
        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('stream')),
            ('op', equals('update')),
            ('property', equals('name')),
            ('value', equals(new_name)),
            ('name', equals('old_name')),
            ('stream_id', check_int),
        ])
        schema_checker('events[1]', events[1])
        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('flags', check_list(check_string)),
            ('type', equals('message')),
            ('message', check_dict_only([
                ('timestamp', check_int),
                ('content', equals(notification)),
                ('content_type', equals('text/html')),
                ('sender_email', equals('notification-bot@zulip.com')),
                ('sender_id', check_int),
                ('display_recipient', equals(new_name)),
                ('id', check_int),
                ('stream_id', check_int),
                ('sender_realm_str', check_string),
                ('sender_full_name', equals('Notification Bot')),
                ('is_me_message', equals(False)),
                ('type', equals('stream')),
                ('submessages', check_list(check_dict([]))),
                (TOPIC_LINKS, check_list(check_string)),
                ('avatar_url', check_none_or(check_url)),
                ('reactions', check_list(check_dict([]))),
                ('client', equals('Internal')),
                (TOPIC_NAME, equals('stream events')),
                ('recipient_id', check_int),
            ])),
        ])
        schema_checker('events[2]', events[2])

    def test_deactivate_stream_neversubscribed(self) -> None:
        stream = self.make_stream('old_name')

        action = lambda: do_deactivate_stream(stream)
        events = self.verify_action(action)

        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('stream')),
            ('op', equals('delete')),
            ('streams', check_list(check_dict_only(basic_stream_fields))),
        ])
        schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_subscribe_other_user_never_subscribed(self) -> None:
        action = lambda: self.subscribe(self.example_user("othello"), "test_stream")
        events = self.verify_action(action, num_events=2)
        peer_add_schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('subscription')),
            ('op', equals('peer_add')),
            ('user_id', check_int),
            ('stream_id', check_int),
        ])
        peer_add_schema_checker('events[1]', events[1])

    def test_do_delete_message_stream(self) -> None:
        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('delete_message')),
            ('message_ids', check_list(check_int, 2)),
            ('message_type', equals("stream")),
            ('stream_id', check_int),
            ('topic', check_string),
        ])
        hamlet = self.example_user('hamlet')
        msg_id = self.send_stream_message(hamlet, "Verona")
        msg_id_2 = self.send_stream_message(hamlet, "Verona")
        messages = [
            Message.objects.get(id=msg_id),
            Message.objects.get(id=msg_id_2)
        ]
        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_delete_messages(self.user_profile.realm, messages),
            state_change_expected=True,
        )
        schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_do_delete_message_stream_legacy(self) -> None:
        """
        Test for legacy method of deleting messages which
        sends an event per message to delete to the client.
        """
        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('delete_message')),
            ('message_id', check_int),
            ('message_type', equals("stream")),
            ('stream_id', check_int),
            ('topic', check_string),
        ])
        hamlet = self.example_user('hamlet')
        msg_id = self.send_stream_message(hamlet, "Verona")
        msg_id_2 = self.send_stream_message(hamlet, "Verona")
        messages = [
            Message.objects.get(id=msg_id),
            Message.objects.get(id=msg_id_2)
        ]
        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_delete_messages(self.user_profile.realm, messages),
            state_change_expected=True, bulk_message_deletion=False,
            num_events=2
        )
        schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_do_delete_message_personal(self) -> None:
        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('delete_message')),
            ('message_ids', check_list(check_int, 1)),
            ('sender_id', check_int),
            ('message_type', equals("private")),
            ('recipient_id', check_int),
        ])
        msg_id = self.send_personal_message(
            self.example_user("cordelia"),
            self.user_profile,
            "hello",
        )
        message = Message.objects.get(id=msg_id)
        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_delete_messages(self.user_profile.realm, [message]),
            state_change_expected=True,
        )
        schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_do_delete_message_personal_legacy(self) -> None:
        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('delete_message')),
            ('message_id', check_int),
            ('sender_id', check_int),
            ('message_type', equals("private")),
            ('recipient_id', check_int),
        ])
        msg_id = self.send_personal_message(
            self.example_user("cordelia"),
            self.user_profile,
            "hello",
        )
        message = Message.objects.get(id=msg_id)
        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_delete_messages(self.user_profile.realm, [message]),
            state_change_expected=True, bulk_message_deletion=False
        )
        schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_do_delete_message_no_max_id(self) -> None:
        user_profile = self.example_user('aaron')
        # Delete all historical messages for this user
        user_profile = self.example_user('hamlet')
        UserMessage.objects.filter(user_profile=user_profile).delete()
        msg_id = self.send_stream_message(user_profile, "Verona")
        message = Message.objects.get(id=msg_id)
        self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_delete_messages(self.user_profile.realm, [message]),
            state_change_expected=True,
        )
        result = fetch_initial_state_data(user_profile, None, "", client_gravatar=False, user_avatar_url_field_optional=False)
        self.assertEqual(result['max_message_id'], -1)

    def test_add_attachment(self) -> None:
        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('attachment')),
            ('op', equals('add')),
            ('attachment', check_dict_only([
                ('id', check_int),
                ('name', check_string),
                ('size', check_int),
                ('path_id', check_string),
                ('create_time', check_int),
                ('messages', check_list(check_dict_only([
                    ('id', check_int),
                    ('date_sent', check_int),
                ]))),
            ])),
            ('upload_space_used', equals(6)),
        ])

        self.login('hamlet')
        fp = StringIO("zulip!")
        fp.name = "zulip.txt"
        uri = None

        def do_upload() -> None:
            nonlocal uri
            result = self.client_post("/json/user_uploads", {'file': fp})

            self.assert_json_success(result)
            self.assertIn("uri", result.json())
            uri = result.json()["uri"]
            base = '/user_uploads/'
            self.assertEqual(base, uri[:len(base)])

        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_upload(),
            num_events=1, state_change_expected=False)
        schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

        # Verify that the DB has the attachment marked as unclaimed
        entry = Attachment.objects.get(file_name='zulip.txt')
        self.assertEqual(entry.is_claimed(), False)

        # Now we send an actual message using this attachment.
        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('attachment')),
            ('op', equals('update')),
            ('attachment', check_dict_only([
                ('id', check_int),
                ('name', check_string),
                ('size', check_int),
                ('path_id', check_string),
                ('create_time', check_int),
                ('messages', check_list(check_dict_only([
                    ('id', check_int),
                    ('date_sent', check_int),
                ]))),
            ])),
            ('upload_space_used', equals(6)),
        ])

        hamlet = self.example_user("hamlet")
        self.subscribe(hamlet, "Denmark")
        assert uri is not None
        body = f"First message ...[zulip.txt](http://{hamlet.realm.host}" + uri + ")"
        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: self.send_stream_message(self.example_user("hamlet"), "Denmark", body, "test"),
            num_events=2)
        schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

        # Now remove the attachment
        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('attachment')),
            ('op', equals('remove')),
            ('attachment', check_dict_only([
                ('id', check_int),
            ])),
            ('upload_space_used', equals(0)),
        ])

        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: self.client_delete(f"/json/attachments/{entry.id}"),
            num_events=1, state_change_expected=False)
        schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_notify_realm_export(self) -> None:
        pending_schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('realm_export')),
            ('exports', check_list(check_dict_only([
                ('id', check_int),
                ('export_time', check_float),
                ('acting_user_id', check_int),
                ('export_url', equals(None)),
                ('deleted_timestamp', equals(None)),
                ('failed_timestamp', equals(None)),
                ('pending', check_bool),
            ]))),
        ])

        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('realm_export')),
            ('exports', check_list(check_dict_only([
                ('id', check_int),
                ('export_time', check_float),
                ('acting_user_id', check_int),
                ('export_url', check_string),
                ('deleted_timestamp', equals(None)),
                ('failed_timestamp', equals(None)),
                ('pending', check_bool),
            ]))),
        ])

        do_change_user_role(self.user_profile, UserProfile.ROLE_REALM_ADMINISTRATOR)
        self.login_user(self.user_profile)

        with mock.patch('zerver.lib.export.do_export_realm',
                        return_value=create_dummy_file('test-export.tar.gz')):
            with stdout_suppressed():
                events = self.verify_action(
                    lambda: self.client_post('/json/export/realm'),
                    state_change_expected=True, num_events=3)

        # We first notify when an export is initiated,
        pending_schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

        # The second event is then a message from notification-bot.
        schema_checker('events[2]', events[2])

        # Now we check the deletion of the export.
        deletion_schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('realm_export')),
            ('exports', check_list(check_dict_only([
                ('id', check_int),
                ('export_time', check_float),
                ('acting_user_id', check_int),
                ('export_url', equals(None)),
                ('deleted_timestamp', check_float),
                ('failed_timestamp', equals(None)),
                ('pending', check_bool),
            ]))),
        ])

        audit_log_entry = RealmAuditLog.objects.filter(
            event_type=RealmAuditLog.REALM_EXPORTED).first()
        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: self.client_delete(f'/json/export/realm/{audit_log_entry.id}'),
            state_change_expected=False, num_events=1)
        deletion_schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_notify_realm_export_on_failure(self) -> None:
        pending_schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('realm_export')),
            ('exports', check_list(check_dict_only([
                ('id', check_int),
                ('export_time', check_float),
                ('acting_user_id', check_int),
                ('export_url', equals(None)),
                ('deleted_timestamp', equals(None)),
                ('failed_timestamp', equals(None)),
                ('pending', check_bool),
            ]))),
        ])

        failed_schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('realm_export')),
            ('exports', check_list(check_dict_only([
                ('id', check_int),
                ('export_time', check_float),
                ('acting_user_id', check_int),
                ('export_url', equals(None)),
                ('deleted_timestamp', equals(None)),
                ('failed_timestamp', check_float),
                ('pending', check_bool),
            ]))),
        ])

        do_change_user_role(self.user_profile, UserProfile.ROLE_REALM_ADMINISTRATOR)
        self.login_user(self.user_profile)

        with mock.patch('zerver.lib.export.do_export_realm',
                        side_effect=Exception("test")), \
                self.assertLogs(level="ERROR") as error_log:
            with stdout_suppressed():
                events = self.verify_action(
                    lambda: self.client_post('/json/export/realm'),
                    state_change_expected=False, num_events=2)

            # Log is of following format: "ERROR:root:Data export for zulip failed after 0.004499673843383789"
            # Where last floating number is time and will vary in each test hence the following assertion is
            # independent of time bit by not matching exact log but only part of it.
            self.assertTrue("ERROR:root:Data export for zulip failed after" in error_log.output[0])

        pending_schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

        failed_schema_checker('events[1]', events[1])

    def test_has_zoom_token(self) -> None:
        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('has_zoom_token')),
            ('value', equals(True)),
        ])
        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_set_zoom_token(self.user_profile, {'access_token': 'token'}),
        )
        schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('has_zoom_token')),
            ('value', equals(False)),
        ])
        events = self.verify_action(
            lambda: do_set_zoom_token(self.user_profile, None))
        schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

class RealmPropertyActionTest(BaseAction):
    def do_set_realm_property_test(self, name: str) -> None:
        bool_tests: List[bool] = [True, False, True]
        test_values: Dict[str, Any] = dict(
            default_language=['es', 'de', 'en'],
            description=['Realm description', 'New description'],
            digest_weekday=[0, 1, 2],
            message_retention_days=[10, 20],
            name=['Zulip', 'New Name'],
            waiting_period_threshold=[10, 20],
            create_stream_policy=[3, 2, 1],
            invite_to_stream_policy=[3, 2, 1],
            private_message_policy=[2, 1],
            user_group_edit_policy=[1, 2],
            email_address_visibility=[Realm.EMAIL_ADDRESS_VISIBILITY_ADMINS],
            bot_creation_policy=[Realm.BOT_CREATION_EVERYONE],
            video_chat_provider=[
                Realm.VIDEO_CHAT_PROVIDERS['jitsi_meet']['id'],
            ],
            default_code_block_language=['python', 'javascript'],
        )

        vals = test_values.get(name)
        property_type = Realm.property_types[name]
        if property_type is bool:
            validator: Validator[object] = check_bool
            vals = bool_tests
        elif property_type is str:
            validator = check_string
        elif property_type == (str, type(None)):
            validator = check_string
        elif property_type is int:
            validator = check_int
        elif property_type == (int, type(None)):
            validator = check_int
        else:
            raise AssertionError(f"Unexpected property type {property_type}")
        schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('realm')),
            ('op', equals('update')),
            ('property', equals(name)),
            ('value', validator),
        ])

        if vals is None:
            raise AssertionError(f'No test created for {name}')
        now = timezone_now()
        do_set_realm_property(self.user_profile.realm, name, vals[0], acting_user=self.user_profile)
        self.assertEqual(RealmAuditLog.objects.filter(realm=self.user_profile.realm, event_type=RealmAuditLog.REALM_PROPERTY_CHANGED,
                                                      event_time__gte=now, acting_user=self.user_profile).count(), 1)
        for count, val in enumerate(vals[1:]):
            now = timezone_now()
            state_change_expected = True
            events = self.verify_action(
                lambda: do_set_realm_property(self.user_profile.realm, name, val, acting_user=self.user_profile),
                state_change_expected=state_change_expected)

            old_value = vals[count]
            self.assertEqual(RealmAuditLog.objects.filter(
                realm=self.user_profile.realm, event_type=RealmAuditLog.REALM_PROPERTY_CHANGED,
                event_time__gte=now, acting_user=self.user_profile,
                extra_data=ujson.dumps({
                    RealmAuditLog.OLD_VALUE: {'property': name, 'value': old_value},
                    RealmAuditLog.NEW_VALUE: {'property': name, 'value': val}
                })).count(), 1)
            schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

    def test_change_realm_property(self) -> None:
        for prop in Realm.property_types:
            with self.settings(SEND_DIGEST_EMAILS=True):
                self.do_set_realm_property_test(prop)

class UserDisplayActionTest(BaseAction):
    def do_set_user_display_settings_test(self, setting_name: str) -> None:
        """Test updating each setting in UserProfile.property_types dict."""

        test_changes: Dict[str, Any] = dict(
            emojiset = ['twitter'],
            default_language = ['es', 'de', 'en'],
            timezone = ['US/Mountain', 'US/Samoa', 'Pacific/Galapogos', ''],
            demote_inactive_streams = [2, 3, 1],
            color_scheme = [2, 3, 1]
        )

        property_type = UserProfile.property_types[setting_name]
        if property_type is bool:
            validator: Validator[object] = check_bool
        elif property_type is str:
            validator = check_string
        elif property_type is int:
            validator = check_int
        else:
            raise AssertionError(f"Unexpected property type {property_type}")

        num_events = 1
        if setting_name == "timezone":
            num_events = 2
        values = test_changes.get(setting_name)
        if property_type is bool:
            if getattr(self.user_profile, setting_name) is False:
                values = [True, False, True]
            else:
                values = [False, True, False]
        if values is None:
            raise AssertionError(f'No test created for {setting_name}')

        for value in values:
            events = self.verify_action(
                lambda: do_set_user_display_setting(
                    self.user_profile,
                    setting_name,
                    value),
                num_events=num_events)

            schema_checker = check_events_dict([
                ('type', equals('update_display_settings')),
                ('setting_name', equals(setting_name)),
                ('user', check_string),
                ('setting', validator),
            ])
            language_schema_checker = check_events_dict([
                ('type', equals('update_display_settings')),
                ('language_name', check_string),
                ('setting_name', equals(setting_name)),
                ('user', check_string),
                ('setting', validator),
            ])
            if setting_name == "default_language":
                language_schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])
            else:
                schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

            timezone_schema_checker = check_events_dict([
                ('type', equals('realm_user')),
                ('op', equals('update')),
                ('person', check_dict_only([
                    ('email', check_string),
                    ('user_id', check_int),
                    ('timezone', check_string),
                ])),
            ])
            if setting_name == "timezone":
                timezone_schema_checker('events[1]', events[1])

    def test_set_user_display_settings(self) -> None:
        for prop in UserProfile.property_types:
            self.do_set_user_display_settings_test(prop)

class SubscribeActionTest(BaseAction):
    def test_subscribe_events(self) -> None:
        self.do_test_subscribe_events(include_subscribers=True)

    def test_subscribe_events_no_include_subscribers(self) -> None:
        self.do_test_subscribe_events(include_subscribers=False)

    def do_test_subscribe_events(self, include_subscribers: bool) -> None:
        subscription_fields: List[Tuple[str, Validator[object]]] = [
            *basic_stream_fields,
            ('audible_notifications', check_none_or(check_bool)),
            ('color', check_string),
            ('desktop_notifications', check_none_or(check_bool)),
            ('email_address', check_string),
            ('email_notifications', check_none_or(check_bool)),
            ('in_home_view', check_bool),
            ('is_muted', check_bool),
            ('pin_to_top', check_bool),
            ('push_notifications', check_none_or(check_bool)),
            ('stream_weekly_traffic', check_none_or(check_int)),
            ('wildcard_mentions_notify', check_none_or(check_bool)),
        ]

        if include_subscribers:
            subscription_fields.append(('subscribers', check_list(check_int)))
        subscription_schema_checker = check_list(
            check_dict_only(subscription_fields),
        )
        stream_create_schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('stream')),
            ('op', equals('create')),
            ('streams', check_list(check_dict_only(basic_stream_fields))),
        ])
        add_schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('subscription')),
            ('op', equals('add')),
            ('subscriptions', subscription_schema_checker),
        ])
        remove_schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('subscription')),
            ('op', equals('remove')),
            ('subscriptions', check_list(
                check_dict_only([
                    ('name', equals('test_stream')),
                    ('stream_id', check_int),
                ]),
            )),
        ])
        peer_add_schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('subscription')),
            ('op', equals('peer_add')),
            ('user_id', check_int),
            ('stream_id', check_int),
        ])
        peer_remove_schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('subscription')),
            ('op', equals('peer_remove')),
            ('user_id', check_int),
            ('stream_id', check_int),
        ])
        stream_update_schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('stream')),
            ('op', equals('update')),
            ('property', equals('description')),
            ('value', check_string),
            ('rendered_description', check_string),
            ('stream_id', check_int),
            ('name', check_string),
        ])
        stream_update_invite_only_schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('stream')),
            ('op', equals('update')),
            ('property', equals('invite_only')),
            ('stream_id', check_int),
            ('name', check_string),
            ('value', check_bool),
            ('history_public_to_subscribers', check_bool),
        ])
        stream_update_stream_post_policy_schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('stream')),
            ('op', equals('update')),
            ('property', equals('stream_post_policy')),
            ('stream_id', check_int),
            ('name', check_string),
            ('value', check_int_in(Stream.STREAM_POST_POLICY_TYPES)),
        ])
        stream_update_message_retention_days_schema_checker = check_events_dict([
            ('type', equals('stream')),
            ('op', equals('update')),
            ('property', equals('message_retention_days')),
            ('stream_id', check_int),
            ('name', check_string),
            ('value', check_none_or(check_int))
        ])

        # Subscribe to a totally new stream, so it's just Hamlet on it
        action: Callable[[], object] = lambda: self.subscribe(self.example_user("hamlet"), "test_stream")
        events = self.verify_action(
            action,
            event_types=["subscription", "realm_user"],
            include_subscribers=include_subscribers)
        add_schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

        # Add another user to that totally new stream
        action = lambda: self.subscribe(self.example_user("othello"), "test_stream")
        events = self.verify_action(
            action,
            include_subscribers=include_subscribers,
            state_change_expected=include_subscribers)
        peer_add_schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

        stream = get_stream("test_stream", self.user_profile.realm)

        # Now remove the first user, to test the normal unsubscribe flow
        action = lambda: bulk_remove_subscriptions(
            [self.example_user('othello')],
            [stream],
            get_client("website"))
        events = self.verify_action(
            action,
            include_subscribers=include_subscribers,
            state_change_expected=include_subscribers)
        peer_remove_schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

        # Now remove the second user, to test the 'vacate' event flow
        action = lambda: bulk_remove_subscriptions(
            [self.example_user('hamlet')],
            [stream],
            get_client("website"))
        events = self.verify_action(
            action,
            include_subscribers=include_subscribers,
            num_events=3)
        remove_schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

        # Now resubscribe a user, to make sure that works on a vacated stream
        action = lambda: self.subscribe(self.example_user("hamlet"), "test_stream")
        events = self.verify_action(
            action,
            include_subscribers=include_subscribers,
            num_events=2)
        add_schema_checker('events[1]', events[1])

        action = lambda: do_change_stream_description(stream, 'new description')
        events = self.verify_action(
            action,
            include_subscribers=include_subscribers)
        stream_update_schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

        # Update stream privacy
        action = lambda: do_change_stream_invite_only(stream, True, history_public_to_subscribers=True)
        events = self.verify_action(
            action,
            include_subscribers=include_subscribers)
        stream_update_invite_only_schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

        # Update stream stream_post_policy property
        action = lambda: do_change_stream_post_policy(stream, Stream.STREAM_POST_POLICY_ADMINS)
        events = self.verify_action(
            action,
            include_subscribers=include_subscribers, num_events=2)
        stream_update_stream_post_policy_schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

        action = lambda: do_change_stream_message_retention_days(stream, -1)
        events = self.verify_action(
            action,
            include_subscribers=include_subscribers, num_events=1)
        stream_update_message_retention_days_schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])

        # Subscribe to a totally new invite-only stream, so it's just Hamlet on it
        stream = self.make_stream("private", self.user_profile.realm, invite_only=True)
        user_profile = self.example_user('hamlet')
        action = lambda: bulk_add_subscriptions([stream], [user_profile])
        events = self.verify_action(
            action,
            include_subscribers=include_subscribers,
            num_events=2)
        stream_create_schema_checker('events[0]', events[0])
        add_schema_checker('events[1]', events[1])