Extend our markdown system to support mentioning of users
by id also. Following these changes, it would be possible
to mention users with @**|user_id** and silently mention
using @_**|user_id**.
Main intention for extending the mention syntax is to make
it convenient for bots to mention a users using their ids. It
is to be noted that previous syntax are also supported.
Documentation tweaked by tabbott for better readability.
The changes were tested manually in development server, and also
by adding some new backend and frontend tests.
Fixes: #17487.
I used line-height: 22px and font-size: 16px in .message-content to take the
screenshots. Requires some additional fiddling for the LaTeX picture, inline
code block, and maybe a few others.