Our implementation of duplication detection in the Zulip email error
reporting system was buggy in two important ways:
* It did not look at the traceback, and thus considered all errors as
the same.
* It reset the 10-minute duplicate timer every time an error happened,
thus concealing situations where the same error was occuring more
often than 1/10 minutes.
Also, fixed a a small type annotation in users.py because email must
be a string because emails don't support UTF-8 at this time (according
a comment in gravatar_hash in avatar.py).
This needs to be deployed to both staging and prod at the same
off-peak time (and the schema migration run).
At the time it is deployed, we need to make a few changes directly in
the database:
(1) UPDATE django_content_type set app_label='zerver' where app_label='zephyr';
(2) UPDATE south_migrationhistory set app_name='zerver' where app_name='zephyr';
(imported from commit eb3fd719571740189514ef0b884738cb30df1320)