klipper-dgus/klippy/heater.py

404 lines
16 KiB
Python

# Printer heater support
#
# Copyright (C) 2016-2018 Kevin O'Connor <kevin@koconnor.net>
#
# This file may be distributed under the terms of the GNU GPLv3 license.
import math, logging, threading
import pins
######################################################################
# Sensors
######################################################################
KELVIN_TO_CELCIUS = -273.15
# Thermistor calibrated with three temp measurements
class Thermistor:
def __init__(self, config, params):
self.pullup = config.getfloat('pullup_resistor', 4700., above=0.)
# Calculate Steinhart-Hart coefficents from temp measurements
inv_t1 = 1. / (params['t1'] - KELVIN_TO_CELCIUS)
inv_t2 = 1. / (params['t2'] - KELVIN_TO_CELCIUS)
inv_t3 = 1. / (params['t3'] - KELVIN_TO_CELCIUS)
ln_r1 = math.log(params['r1'])
ln_r2 = math.log(params['r2'])
ln_r3 = math.log(params['r3'])
ln3_r1, ln3_r2, ln3_r3 = ln_r1**3, ln_r2**3, ln_r3**3
inv_t12, inv_t13 = inv_t1 - inv_t2, inv_t1 - inv_t3
ln_r12, ln_r13 = ln_r1 - ln_r2, ln_r1 - ln_r3
ln3_r12, ln3_r13 = ln3_r1 - ln3_r2, ln3_r1 - ln3_r3
self.c3 = ((inv_t12 - inv_t13 * ln_r12 / ln_r13)
/ (ln3_r12 - ln3_r13 * ln_r12 / ln_r13))
self.c2 = (inv_t12 - self.c3 * ln3_r12) / ln_r12
self.c1 = inv_t1 - self.c2 * ln_r1 - self.c3 * ln3_r1
def calc_temp(self, adc):
adc = max(.00001, min(.99999, adc))
r = self.pullup * adc / (1.0 - adc)
ln_r = math.log(r)
inv_t = self.c1 + self.c2 * ln_r + self.c3 * ln_r**3
return 1.0/inv_t + KELVIN_TO_CELCIUS
def calc_adc(self, temp):
inv_t = 1. / (temp - KELVIN_TO_CELCIUS)
if self.c3:
y = (self.c1 - inv_t) / (2. * self.c3)
x = math.sqrt((self.c2 / (3. * self.c3))**3 + y**2)
ln_r = math.pow(x - y, 1./3.) - math.pow(x + y, 1./3.)
else:
ln_r = (inv_t - self.c1) / self.c2
r = math.exp(ln_r)
return r / (self.pullup + r)
# Thermistor calibrated from one temp measurement and its beta
class ThermistorBeta(Thermistor):
def __init__(self, config, params):
self.pullup = config.getfloat('pullup_resistor', 4700., above=0.)
# Calculate Steinhart-Hart coefficents from beta
inv_t1 = 1. / (params['t1'] - KELVIN_TO_CELCIUS)
ln_r1 = math.log(params['r1'])
self.c3 = 0.
self.c2 = 1. / params['beta']
self.c1 = inv_t1 - self.c2 * ln_r1
# Linear style conversion chips calibrated with two temp measurements
class Linear:
def __init__(self, config, params):
adc_voltage = config.getfloat('adc_voltage', 5., above=0.)
slope = (params['t2'] - params['t1']) / (params['v2'] - params['v1'])
self.gain = adc_voltage * slope
self.offset = params['t1'] - params['v1'] * slope
def calc_temp(self, adc):
return adc * self.gain + self.offset
def calc_adc(self, temp):
return (temp - self.offset) / self.gain
# Available sensors
Sensors = {
"EPCOS 100K B57560G104F": {
'class': Thermistor, 't1': 25., 'r1': 100000.,
't2': 150., 'r2': 1641.9, 't3': 250., 'r3': 226.15 },
"ATC Semitec 104GT-2": {
'class': Thermistor, 't1': 20., 'r1': 126800.,
't2': 150., 'r2': 1360., 't3': 300., 'r3': 80.65 },
"NTC 100K beta 3950": {
'class': ThermistorBeta, 't1': 25., 'r1': 100000., 'beta': 3950. },
"AD595": { 'class': Linear, 't1': 25., 'v1': .25, 't2': 300., 'v2': 3.022 },
}
######################################################################
# Heater
######################################################################
SAMPLE_TIME = 0.001
SAMPLE_COUNT = 8
REPORT_TIME = 0.300
MAX_HEAT_TIME = 5.0
AMBIENT_TEMP = 25.
PID_PARAM_BASE = 255.
class error(Exception):
pass
class PrinterHeater:
error = error
def __init__(self, printer, config):
self.printer = printer
self.name = config.get_name()
sensor_params = config.getchoice('sensor_type', Sensors)
self.sensor = sensor_params['class'](config, sensor_params)
self.min_temp = config.getfloat('min_temp', minval=KELVIN_TO_CELCIUS)
self.max_temp = config.getfloat('max_temp', above=self.min_temp)
self.min_extrude_temp = config.getfloat(
'min_extrude_temp', 170., minval=self.min_temp, maxval=self.max_temp)
self.max_power = config.getfloat('max_power', 1., above=0., maxval=1.)
self.lock = threading.Lock()
self.last_temp = 0.
self.last_temp_time = 0.
self.target_temp = 0.
algos = {'watermark': ControlBangBang, 'pid': ControlPID}
algo = config.getchoice('control', algos)
heater_pin = config.get('heater_pin')
if algo is ControlBangBang and self.max_power == 1.:
self.mcu_pwm = pins.setup_pin(printer, 'digital_out', heater_pin)
else:
self.mcu_pwm = pins.setup_pin(printer, 'pwm', heater_pin)
pwm_cycle_time = config.getfloat(
'pwm_cycle_time', 0.100, above=0., maxval=REPORT_TIME)
self.mcu_pwm.setup_cycle_time(pwm_cycle_time)
self.mcu_pwm.setup_max_duration(MAX_HEAT_TIME)
self.mcu_adc = pins.setup_pin(printer, 'adc', config.get('sensor_pin'))
adc_range = [self.sensor.calc_adc(self.min_temp),
self.sensor.calc_adc(self.max_temp)]
self.mcu_adc.setup_minmax(SAMPLE_TIME, SAMPLE_COUNT,
minval=min(adc_range), maxval=max(adc_range))
self.mcu_adc.setup_adc_callback(REPORT_TIME, self.adc_callback)
is_fileoutput = self.mcu_adc.get_mcu().is_fileoutput()
self.can_extrude = self.min_extrude_temp <= 0. or is_fileoutput
self.control = algo(self, config)
# pwm caching
self.next_pwm_time = 0.
self.last_pwm_value = 0.
# Load verify_heater module
printer.try_load_module(config, "verify_heater %s" % (self.name,))
def set_pwm(self, read_time, value):
if self.target_temp <= 0.:
value = 0.
if ((read_time < self.next_pwm_time or not self.last_pwm_value)
and abs(value - self.last_pwm_value) < 0.05):
# No significant change in value - can suppress update
return
pwm_time = read_time + REPORT_TIME + SAMPLE_TIME*SAMPLE_COUNT
self.next_pwm_time = pwm_time + 0.75 * MAX_HEAT_TIME
self.last_pwm_value = value
logging.debug("%s: pwm=%.3f@%.3f (from %.3f@%.3f [%.3f])",
self.name, value, pwm_time,
self.last_temp, self.last_temp_time, self.target_temp)
self.mcu_pwm.set_pwm(pwm_time, value)
def adc_callback(self, read_time, read_value):
temp = self.sensor.calc_temp(read_value)
with self.lock:
self.last_temp = temp
self.last_temp_time = read_time
self.can_extrude = (temp >= self.min_extrude_temp)
self.control.adc_callback(read_time, temp)
#logging.debug("temp: %.3f %f = %f", read_time, read_value, temp)
# External commands
def set_temp(self, print_time, degrees):
if degrees and (degrees < self.min_temp or degrees > self.max_temp):
raise error("Requested temperature (%.1f) out of range (%.1f:%.1f)"
% (degrees, self.min_temp, self.max_temp))
with self.lock:
self.target_temp = degrees
def get_temp(self, eventtime):
print_time = self.mcu_adc.get_mcu().estimated_print_time(eventtime) - 5.
with self.lock:
if self.last_temp_time < print_time:
return 0., self.target_temp
return self.last_temp, self.target_temp
def check_busy(self, eventtime):
with self.lock:
return self.control.check_busy(eventtime)
def start_auto_tune(self, degrees):
if degrees and (degrees < self.min_temp or degrees > self.max_temp):
raise error("Requested temperature (%.1f) out of range (%.1f:%.1f)"
% (degrees, self.min_temp, self.max_temp))
with self.lock:
self.control = ControlAutoTune(self, self.control)
self.target_temp = degrees
def finish_auto_tune(self, old_control):
self.control = old_control
self.target_temp = 0
def stats(self, eventtime):
with self.lock:
target_temp = self.target_temp
last_temp = self.last_temp
last_pwm_value = self.last_pwm_value
is_active = target_temp or last_temp > 50.
return is_active, '%s: target=%.0f temp=%.1f pwm=%.3f' % (
self.name, target_temp, last_temp, last_pwm_value)
def get_status(self, eventtime):
with self.lock:
target_temp = self.target_temp
last_temp = self.last_temp
return {'temperature': last_temp, 'target': target_temp}
######################################################################
# Bang-bang control algo
######################################################################
class ControlBangBang:
def __init__(self, heater, config):
self.heater = heater
self.max_delta = config.getfloat('max_delta', 2.0, above=0.)
self.heating = False
def adc_callback(self, read_time, temp):
if self.heating and temp >= self.heater.target_temp+self.max_delta:
self.heating = False
elif not self.heating and temp <= self.heater.target_temp-self.max_delta:
self.heating = True
if self.heating:
self.heater.set_pwm(read_time, self.heater.max_power)
else:
self.heater.set_pwm(read_time, 0.)
def check_busy(self, eventtime):
return self.heater.last_temp < self.heater.target_temp-self.max_delta
######################################################################
# Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) control algo
######################################################################
PID_SETTLE_DELTA = 1.
PID_SETTLE_SLOPE = .1
class ControlPID:
def __init__(self, heater, config):
self.heater = heater
self.Kp = config.getfloat('pid_Kp') / PID_PARAM_BASE
self.Ki = config.getfloat('pid_Ki') / PID_PARAM_BASE
self.Kd = config.getfloat('pid_Kd') / PID_PARAM_BASE
self.min_deriv_time = config.getfloat('pid_deriv_time', 2., above=0.)
imax = config.getfloat('pid_integral_max', heater.max_power, minval=0.)
self.temp_integ_max = imax / self.Ki
self.prev_temp = AMBIENT_TEMP
self.prev_temp_time = 0.
self.prev_temp_deriv = 0.
self.prev_temp_integ = 0.
def adc_callback(self, read_time, temp):
time_diff = read_time - self.prev_temp_time
# Calculate change of temperature
temp_diff = temp - self.prev_temp
if time_diff >= self.min_deriv_time:
temp_deriv = temp_diff / time_diff
else:
temp_deriv = (self.prev_temp_deriv * (self.min_deriv_time-time_diff)
+ temp_diff) / self.min_deriv_time
# Calculate accumulated temperature "error"
temp_err = self.heater.target_temp - temp
temp_integ = self.prev_temp_integ + temp_err * time_diff
temp_integ = max(0., min(self.temp_integ_max, temp_integ))
# Calculate output
co = self.Kp*temp_err + self.Ki*temp_integ - self.Kd*temp_deriv
#logging.debug("pid: %f@%.3f -> diff=%f deriv=%f err=%f integ=%f co=%d",
# temp, read_time, temp_diff, temp_deriv, temp_err, temp_integ, co)
bounded_co = max(0., min(self.heater.max_power, co))
self.heater.set_pwm(read_time, bounded_co)
# Store state for next measurement
self.prev_temp = temp
self.prev_temp_time = read_time
self.prev_temp_deriv = temp_deriv
if co == bounded_co:
self.prev_temp_integ = temp_integ
def check_busy(self, eventtime):
temp_diff = self.heater.target_temp - self.heater.last_temp
return (abs(temp_diff) > PID_SETTLE_DELTA
or abs(self.prev_temp_deriv) > PID_SETTLE_SLOPE)
######################################################################
# Ziegler-Nichols PID autotuning
######################################################################
TUNE_PID_DELTA = 5.0
class ControlAutoTune:
def __init__(self, heater, old_control):
self.heater = heater
self.old_control = old_control
self.heating = False
self.peaks = []
self.peak = 0.
self.peak_time = 0.
def adc_callback(self, read_time, temp):
if self.heating and temp >= self.heater.target_temp:
self.heating = False
self.check_peaks()
elif (not self.heating
and temp <= self.heater.target_temp - TUNE_PID_DELTA):
self.heating = True
self.check_peaks()
if self.heating:
self.heater.set_pwm(read_time, self.heater.max_power)
if temp < self.peak:
self.peak = temp
self.peak_time = read_time
else:
self.heater.set_pwm(read_time, 0.)
if temp > self.peak:
self.peak = temp
self.peak_time = read_time
def check_peaks(self):
self.peaks.append((self.peak, self.peak_time))
if self.heating:
self.peak = 9999999.
else:
self.peak = -9999999.
if len(self.peaks) < 4:
return
self.calc_pid(len(self.peaks)-1)
def calc_pid(self, pos):
temp_diff = self.peaks[pos][0] - self.peaks[pos-1][0]
time_diff = self.peaks[pos][1] - self.peaks[pos-2][1]
max_power = self.heater.max_power
Ku = 4. * (2. * max_power) / (abs(temp_diff) * math.pi)
Tu = time_diff
Ti = 0.5 * Tu
Td = 0.125 * Tu
Kp = 0.6 * Ku * PID_PARAM_BASE
Ki = Kp / Ti
Kd = Kp * Td
logging.info("Autotune: raw=%f/%f Ku=%f Tu=%f Kp=%f Ki=%f Kd=%f",
temp_diff, max_power, Ku, Tu, Kp, Ki, Kd)
return Kp, Ki, Kd
def final_calc(self):
cycle_times = [(self.peaks[pos][1] - self.peaks[pos-2][1], pos)
for pos in range(4, len(self.peaks))]
midpoint_pos = sorted(cycle_times)[len(cycle_times)/2][1]
Kp, Ki, Kd = self.calc_pid(midpoint_pos)
logging.info("Autotune: final: Kp=%f Ki=%f Kd=%f", Kp, Ki, Kd)
gcode = self.heater.printer.lookup_object('gcode')
gcode.respond_info(
"PID parameters: pid_Kp=%.3f pid_Ki=%.3f pid_Kd=%.3f\n"
"To use these parameters, update the printer config file with\n"
"the above and then issue a RESTART command" % (Kp, Ki, Kd))
def check_busy(self, eventtime):
if self.heating or len(self.peaks) < 12:
return True
self.final_calc()
self.heater.finish_auto_tune(self.old_control)
return False
######################################################################
# Tuning information test
######################################################################
class ControlBumpTest:
def __init__(self, heater, old_control):
self.heater = heater
self.old_control = old_control
self.temp_samples = {}
self.pwm_samples = {}
self.state = 0
def set_pwm(self, read_time, value):
self.pwm_samples[read_time + 2*REPORT_TIME] = value
self.heater.set_pwm(read_time, value)
def adc_callback(self, read_time, temp):
self.temp_samples[read_time] = temp
if not self.state:
self.set_pwm(read_time, 0.)
if len(self.temp_samples) >= 20:
self.state += 1
elif self.state == 1:
if temp < self.heater.target_temp:
self.set_pwm(read_time, self.heater.max_power)
return
self.set_pwm(read_time, 0.)
self.state += 1
elif self.state == 2:
self.set_pwm(read_time, 0.)
if temp <= (self.heater.target_temp + AMBIENT_TEMP) / 2.:
self.dump_stats()
self.state += 1
def dump_stats(self):
out = ["%.3f %.1f %d" % (time, temp, self.pwm_samples.get(time, -1.))
for time, temp in sorted(self.temp_samples.items())]
f = open("/tmp/heattest.txt", "wb")
f.write('\n'.join(out))
f.close()
def check_busy(self, eventtime):
if self.state < 3:
return True
self.heater.finish_auto_tune(self.old_control)
return False
def add_printer_objects(printer, config):
if config.has_section('heater_bed'):
printer.add_object('heater_bed', PrinterHeater(
printer, config.getsection('heater_bed')))